"شبہ علم" کے نسخوں کے درمیان فرق

علم اور شِبہ علم کے درمیان حد بندی فلسفیانہ، سیاسی اور سائنسی مضمرات رکھتی ہے۔ <ref>{{citation|first=Imre|last=Lakatos|name-list-style=vanc|url=http://www2.lse.ac.uk/philosophy/About/lakatos/scienceAndPseudoscience.aspx|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110725130745/http://richmedia.lse.ac.uk/philosophy/2002_LakatosScienceAndPseudoscience128.mp3|archive-date=25 July 2011|format=mp3|title=Science and Pseudoscience|page=[https://web.archive.org/web/20110728012423/http://www2.lse.ac.uk/philosophy/about/lakatos/scienceAndPseudoscienceTranscript.aspx (archive of transcript)]|no-pp=yes|publisher=The London School of Economics and Political Science, Dept of Philosophy, Logic and Scientific Method|date=1973}}</ref> صحت عمومی، رائے عامہ، ماحولیاتی پالیسیاں، اور سائنس کی تعلیم کے معاملے میں علم اور شبہ علم میں فرق کے عملی مضمرات ہیں۔<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last=Hansson|first=Sven Ove|title=Science and Pseudo-Science, Section 1: The purpose of demarcations|url=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/pseudo-science/#PurDem|encyclopedia=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy|publisher=Stanford University|access-date=April 16, 2011|date=September 3, 2008|quote=From a practical point of view, the distinction is important for decision guidance in both private and public life. Since science is our most reliable source of knowledge in a wide variety of areas, we need to distinguish scientific knowledge from its look-alikes. Due to the high status of science in present-day society, attempts to exaggerate the scientific status of various claims, teachings, and products are common enough to make the demarcation issue pressing in many areas.}}</ref> سائنسی حقائق اور نظریات کو شبہ علم سے الگ کرنا سائنس کی تعلیم اور خواندگی کا ایک اہم مقصد ہے۔ <ref>{{cite journal|vauthors=Hurd PD|title=Scientific literacy: New minds for a changing world|journal=Science Education|volume=82|issue=3|pages=407–16|date=June 1998|doi=10.1002/(SICI)1098-237X(199806)82:3<407::AID-SCE6>3.0.CO;2-G|bibcode=1998SciEd..82..407H}}</ref>

 

 

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