"وفاق" کے نسخوں کے درمیان فرق
حذف شدہ مندرجات اضافہ شدہ مندرجات
نیا صفحہ: تصغیر|وفاقی ریاستوں کا نقشہ '''وفاق''' (Federation) (لاطینی: foedus) جسے وفاقی ریاست بھی ک... |
کوئی خلاصۂ ترمیم نہیں |
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سطر 2:
'''وفاق''' (Federation) (لاطینی: foedus) جسے وفاقی ریاست بھی کہا جاتا ہے، ایک سیاسی وجود ہے جس میں جزوی طور پر خود مختار ریاستوں یا علاقے ایک متحدہ مرکزی (وفاقی) حکومت کے تحت کام کرتے ہیں۔ <ref>It is often argued that federal states where the central government has the constitutional authority to suspend a constituent state's government by invoking gross mismanagement or civil unrest, or to adopt national legislation that overrides or infringe on the constituent states' powers by invoking the central government's constitutional authority to ensure "peace and good government" or to implement obligations contracted under an international treaty, are not truly federal states.</ref>
====وفاقی جمہوریہ====
{{Main|وفاقی جمہوریہ}}
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" style="border:1px solid #aaa; border-collapse:collapse"
|- style="background:#ccc;"
!Year est. !! Federation !! Federating units !! Major federating units !! Minor federating units
|-
| 1853
| {{flag|Argentina}}
| [[Provinces of Argentina]]
| 23 provinces
| 1 autonomous city
|-
|1920
| {{flag|Austria}}
| [[States of Austria]]
| 9 ''Länder'' or ''Bundesländer''
|
|-
|1995
| {{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
| [[Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina|Divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina]]
| 2 entities
| 1 district
|-
|1889
| {{flag|Brazil}}
| [[States of Brazil]]
| 26 states (Previously 18 provinces during the monarchical period between 1822 and 1889)
| 1 federal district and 5,565 municipalities
|-
|1975
| {{flag|Comoros}}
|
| 3 islands
|
|-
|1995
| {{flag|Ethiopia}}
| [[Regions of Ethiopia]]
| 9 regions
| 2 chartered cities
|-
|1949
| {{flag|Germany}}
| [[States of Germany]]
| 16 ''Länder'' or ''Bundesländer''
|
|-
|1950
| {{flagicon|India}} [[India]]
| [[States and territories of India]]
| 28 States
| 7 Union Territories, including a National Capital Territory
|-
|2005
| {{flag|Iraq}}
| [[Governorates of Iraq]]
| 18 provinces
|
|-
|1821
| {{flag|Mexico}}
| [[States of Mexico]]
| 31 states
| 1 federal district
|-
|1979
| {{flag|Federated States of Micronesia}}
| [[Administrative divisions of the Federated States of Micronesia]]
| 4 states
|
|-
|2008
| {{flag|Nepal}}
| [[Zones of Nepal]]
| 14 zones
| 75 districts
|-
|1963
| {{flag|Nigeria}}
| [[States of Nigeria]]
| 36 states
| 1 territory
|-
| 1956
| {{flag|Pakistan}}
| [[Provinces and territories of Pakistan]]
| 4 provinces
| 4 federal territories including a federal capital territory
|-
|1992
| {{flag|Russian Federation}}
| [[Federal subjects of Russia]]
| 21 republics, 46 ''oblasts'', 9 ''krais'', 1 autonomous ''oblast'', 4 autonomous ''okrugs'', 2 federal-level cities<ref>[http://www.constitution.ru/en/10003000-04.htm Federal structure of Russia], Article 65 of Russian Constitution.</ref>
|
|-
|2012
| {{flag|Somalia}}
| [[States and regions of Somalia|Federal Member States of Somalia]]
| 18 states<ref name="Gttsdpc"/><ref name="FRSom">{{cite web|title=The Federal Republic of Somalia – Harmonized Draft Constitution|url=http://dastuurkeenna.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/120708-Harmonized-Draft-Constitution-Eng-Tran-_incl-errata-changes.pdf|publisher=Federal Republic of Somalia|accessdate=2 August 2012}}: Adopted constitution accommodates existing regional governments, with the ultimate number and boundaries of the Federal Member States to be determined by the House of the People of the Federal Parliament.</ref>
|
|-
|2011
| {{flag|South Sudan}}
| [[Subdivisions of South Sudan|States of South Sudan]]
| 10 states
|
|-
|1956
| {{flag|Sudan}}
| [[States of Sudan]]
| 17 states
|
|-
|1848
| {{flag|Switzerland}}
| [[Cantons of Switzerland]]
| 26 cantons
|
|-
| 1787<ref>The [[United States Constitution]], which replaced the [[Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union]], was drafted in 1787 and was ratified in 1788. The [[1st United States Congress|first Congress]] and [[George Washington|President]] did not take office until March 1789.</ref>
| {{flag|United States of America}}
| [[U.S. state|States of the United States]]
| 50 states
| 1 federal district; 2 Commonwealths; 1 incorporated territory, 11 unincorporated territories
|-
|1863
| {{flag|Venezuela}}
| [[States of Venezuela]]
| 23 states
| 1 federal district, 1 federal dependency
|}
== حوالہ جات ==
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