"نوبل انعام یافتہ لامذہب شخصیات کی فہرست" کے نسخوں کے درمیان فرق

 

== طبیعیات ==

* [[ہینس الفوین]]<ref>"Nuclear power is uniquely unforgiving: as Swedish Nobel physicist Hannes Alfvén said, "No acts of God can be permitted."" Amory Lovins, [http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/insidenova/author/amory-lovins/ Inside NOVA – Nuclear After Japan: Amory Lovins]، ''pbs.org''۔</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Matter and Spirit in the Universe: Scientific and Religious Preludes to Modern Cosmology|date=2004|publisher=OECD Publishing|isbn=978-1-86094-469-7|page=252|author=Helge Kragh|quote=Alfven dismissed in his address religion as a "myth," and passionately criticized the big-bang theory for being dogmatic and violating basic standards of science, to be no less mythical than religion.}}</ref>

* [[فلپ وارن انڈرسن]]<ref name=Kimball/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Anderson|first1=Philip W.|title=More and different notes from a thoughtful curmudgeon|date=2011|publisher=World Scientific|location=Singapore|isbn=9789814350143|page=177|quote=We atheists can ۔ ۔ ۔ argue that, with the modern revolution in attitudes toward homosexuals, we have become the only group that may not reveal itself in normal social discourse.}}</ref>

* [[پیٹر ہگس]]<ref>{{cite news|title=The god of small things|url=http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2007/nov/17/sciencenews.particlephysics|publisher=The Guardian|accessdate=21 مارچ 2013|first=Ian|last=Sample|date=17 نومبر 2007|quote=The name has stuck, but makes Higgs wince and raises the hackles of other theorists. "I wish he hadn't done it," he says. "I have to explain to people it was a joke. I'm an atheist, but I have an uneasy feeling that playing around with names like that could be unnecessarily offensive to people who are religious."|location=London|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101446/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2007/nov/17/sciencenews.particlephysics|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[گیرارڈ ٹی ہوفٹ]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Gerardus `t Hooft – Science Video Interview|url=http://vega.org.uk/video/programme/35|accessdate=25 اپریل 2012|year=2004|quote=When asked by the interviewer about his view of the universe and the design or non-design of the universe, Hooft replied, "Well absolutely amazing fact that it seems that the entire universe is now in grasp of theoretical physics. It still highly premature to make theories that includes how the big bang originated as and things like that. Although, people are tying that every day. ۔۔۔As far as I'm concerned, everything seems to behave completely rationally. The laws of physics is all we need to understand how the universe got into being. And then eventually we end up with this religious question as to why is the universe is the way it is and how can it be it is a place for humans to live in, that is a miracle. I don't have really any answers here, but as a physicist I've learn to appreciate the fact that everything seems to have totally rational explanations and as far as I'm concerned, I expect the entire universe now also to be something you can explain in completely rational terms. That what I expect now, just because of past experience."|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101403/http://vega.org.uk/video/programme/35|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Gerardus `t Hooft – Science Video Interview|url=http://vega.org.uk/video/programme/35|accessdate=25 اپریل 2012|year=2004|quote=When asked by the interviewer about his belief in an afterlife, Hooft replied, "Well, such beliefs I think I related to religions of the past and I don't think that notions such as 'afterlife' has any.۔۔scientific basis. Not in terms of modern science. So I can only say no."|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20190109085855/http://vega.org.uk/video/programme/35|archivedate=2019-01-09|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[لیو لینڈاؤ]]<ref name=Kimball/><ref>{{cite book|last1=Schaefer|first1=Henry F.|title=Science and Christianity : conflict or coherence?|date=2008|publisher=University of Georgia|location=Athens, Ga.|isbn=0-9742975-0-X|page=9 |quote= I present here two examples of notable atheists. The first is Lev Landau, the most brilliant Soviet physicist of the twentieth century.}}</ref>

* [[لیون ایم لیڈر مین]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Universe on a T-Shirt: The Quest for the Theory of Everything|date=2005|publisher=Arcade Publishing|isbn=978-1-55970-733-6|page=195|author=Dan Falk|chapter=What About God?|quote="Physics isn't a religion. If it were, we'd have a much easier time raising money." - Leon Lederman}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=It’s the Atheist Particle, actually|url=http://postnoon.com/2012/07/10/its-the-atheist-particle-actually/58312|publisher=Postnoon News|accessdate=10 جولائی 2012|author=Babu Gogineni|date=جولائی 10, 2012|quote=Leon Lederman is himself an atheist and he regrets the term, and Peter Higgs who is an atheist too, has expressed his displeasure, but the damage has been done!|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101425/http://postnoon.com/2012/07/10/its-the-atheist-particle-actually/58312|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=dead}}</ref>

* [[رابرٹ برانی]] (1914)<ref>{{cite web|title=Robert Bárány and the controversy surrounding his discovery of the caloric reaction|url=http://www.neurology.org/content/58/7/1094.abstract|publisher=Neurology.org|accessdate=14 مئی 2012|author=Robert W. Baloh|quote=Although anti-Semitism was again on the rise in Austria, it is unlikely that anti-Semitism was a factor in the hostility toward Bárány because he was an agnostic who did not believe in Zionism.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101607/http://n.neurology.org/content/58/7/1094|archive-date=2018-12-26|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20190106163114/http://n.neurology.org/content/58/7/1094|archivedate=6 جنوری 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[جے مائیکل بشوپ]]<ref>{{cite web|title=J. Michael Bishop|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/187/000132788/|publisher=NNDB.com|accessdate=18 جولائی 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101516/http://www.nndb.com/people/187/000132788/|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref>

* [[میکس ڈیلبرگ]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Max Delbrück|url=http://www.nndb.com/people/348/000129958/|publisher=NNDB.com|accessdate=14 مئی 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101428/http://www.nndb.com/people/348/000129958/|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Max Delbrück and the New Perception of Biology, 1906–1981: A Centenary Celebration, University of Salamanca, اکتوبر 9–10, 2006|year=2007|publisher=AuthorHouse|isbn=978-1-4343-1435-2|author=Walter Shropshire|page=155|quote=As far as I know, he never identified himself as a member of any formal church or religious faith, but neither did he reject religion. He had a deeply felt respect for all faiths, believing that regardless of the details, they all fill basically the same human aspirations.}}</ref>

* [[کرسچن ڈی دووی]]<ref>{{cite web|last1=Ruse|first1=Michael|title=Life Evolving: Molecules, Mind, and Meaning by Christian de Duve (Introductory essay)|url=http://www.issrlibrary.org/introductory-essays/essay/?title=Life%20Evolving:%20Molecules,%20Mind,%20and%20Meaning&ref=essays|website=The International Society for Science and Religion library project|accessdate=15 اکتوبر 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101543/http://www.issrlibrary.org/introductory-essays/essay/?title=Life%20Evolving:%20Molecules,%20Mind,%20and%20Meaning&ref=essays|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref>

Hermann Joseph Muller. 1890–1967 |journal=Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society |volume=14 |date=نومبر 1968 |pages=348–389 |quote=Muller, who through Unitarianism had become an enthusiastic pantheist, was converted both to atheism and to socialism. |others=Quote from p. 353 |doi=10.1098/rsbm.1968.0015 |jstor=769450}}</ref>

* [[الئی مٹینیکو]]<ref>{{cite book|title=Metchnikoff and the Origins of Immunology : From Metaphor to Theory: From Metaphor to Theory|year=1991|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-534510-0|page=5|first=Alfred I. |last=Tauber |first2=Leon |last2=Chernyak |quote=۔۔۔ his personal religious commitment was to atheism, although he received strict Christian religious training at home. Metchnikoff's atheism smacked of religious fervor in the embrace of rationalism and science.}}</ref>

* [[ہرمن جوزف میولر]]<ref name=Pafumi/>{{rp|334}}

* [[پاول نرس]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2001/nurse.html |title= Sir Paul Nurse – Biographical |first= Paul |last= Nurse |authorlink= Paul Nurse |year= 2001 |publisher= Nobelprize.org |accessdate= 15 اکتوبر 2015 |quote= I gradually slipped away from religion over several years and became an atheist or to be more philosophically correct, a sceptical agnostic. |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20181226101532/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/2001/nurse.html |archivedate= 2018-12-26 |url-status= live }}</ref>