↑Prudence J. Jones (2006)۔ Cleopatra: A Sourcebook۔ University of Oklahoma Press۔ صفحہ: 14۔ They were members of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Macedonian Greeks, who ruled Egypt after the death of its conqueror, Alexander the Great.
↑Sarah B. Pomeroy (1990)۔ Women in Hellenistic Egypt۔ Wayne State University Press۔ صفحہ: 16۔ while Ptolemaic Egypt was a monarchy with a Greek ruling class.
↑Redford, Donald B.، مدیر (2000)۔ The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt۔ Oxford University Press۔ Cleopatra VII was born to Ptolemy XII Auletes (80–57 BCE, ruled 55–51 BCE) and Cleopatra, both parents being Macedonian Greeks.
↑Bard, Kathryn A.، مدیر (1999)۔ Encyclopedia of the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt۔ Routledge۔ صفحہ: 488۔ Ptolemaic kings were still crowned at Memphis and the city was popularly regarded as the Egyptian rival to Alexandria, founded by the Macedonian Greeks.
