"مشکلات (شمالی آئرلینڈ)" کے نسخوں کے درمیان فرق
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سطر 37:
'''Supported by:'''{{صاف}}
[[File:Flag of South Africa (1928-1982).svg|24px]] [[جنوبی افریقا]] {{صغیر|(arms shipments)}}<ref>https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1989/08/28/international-arms-merchants-stock-both-sides-in-n-ireland/6a8e61de-2eee-463e-b416-810936eba8dd/?noredirect=on&utm_term=.b6a38f9519f6</ref>
|casualties1 = British Army: 705<!--including UDR+RIR--><br /> ∟<small>(inc. [[Ulster Defence Regiment|UDR]])</small><br />RUC: 301<br />[[Northern Ireland Prison Service|NIPS]]: 24<br />[[Territorial Army (United Kingdom)|TA]]: 7<br />[[Law enforcement in the United Kingdom|Other UK police]]: 6<br />[[شاہی فضائیہ]]: 4<br />[[شاہی بحریہ]]: 2<br />'''Total''': 1,049<ref name=suttonstatus>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Status.html Malcolm Sutton's Index of Deaths from the Conflict in Ireland: Status of person killed] {{wayback|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Status.html |date=20110514142516 }}. [[Conflict Archive on the Internet]] (CAIN). Retrieved 18 May 2017.</ref>
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Irish Army: 1<br />Gardaí: 9<br />[[Irish Prison Service|IPS]]: 1<br />'''Total''': 11<ref name=suttonstatus/>
|casualties2 = PIRA: 291<br />INLA: 39<!--including PLA--><br />OIRA: 27<br />IPLO: 9<br />RIRA: 2<br />'''Total''': 368<ref name=suttonstatus/>
|casualties3 = UDA: 91<br />UVF: 62<br />RHC: 4<br />LVF: 3<br />UR: 2<ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/organ/uorgan.htm Organizations: U] (look under "Ulster Resistance"). [[Conflict Archive on the Internet]] (CAIN)</ref><br />'''Total''': 162<ref name=suttonstatus/>
|notes = <big>'''Civilians killed:''' 1,841<ref name=statsum>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/sutton/tables/Status_Summary.html Malcolm Sutton's Index of Deaths from the Conflict in Ireland: Status summary]. [[Conflict Archive on the Internet]] (CAIN)</ref> <small>(or 1,935 inc. ex-combatants)<ref name=suttonstatus/></small><br /><center>'''Total dead: 3,532'''<ref name=statsum/><br />'''Total injured: 47,500+'''<ref>[http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/ni/security.htm#05 Security and defence-related statistics] {{wayback|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/ni/security.htm#05 |date=20101206105455 }}. [[Conflict Archive on the Internet]] (CAIN)</ref> <br /> '''All casualties:''' around 50,000<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/topics/troubles_violence|title=History – The Troubles – Violence|publisher=BBC|accessdate=26 May 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20181226063212/http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/topics/troubles_violence|archivedate=2018-12-26|url-status=live}}</ref></center></big>}}
'''مشکلات''' ({{Lang-en|The Troubles}}) ({{lang-ga|Na Trioblóidí}}) [[بیسویں صدی]] کے آخر میں [[شمالی آئر لینڈ]] میں ایک ایک نسلی-قوم پرستی تنازع تھا۔ <ref name=CMitchell>{{cite book|last=Mitchell|first=Claire|title=Religion, Identity and Politics in Northern Ireland|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|date=2013|page=5|quote=The most popular school of thought on religion is encapsulated in McGarry and O'Leary's ''Explaining Northern Ireland'' (1995), and it is echoed by Coulter (1999) and Clayton (1998). The central argument is that religion is an ethnic marker, but that it is not generally politically relevant in and of itself. Instead, ethnonationalism lies at the root of the conflict. Hayes and McAllister (1999a) point out that this represents something of an academic consensus.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=John McGarry & Brendan O'Leary|title=Explaining Northern Ireland|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|date=15 June 1995|page=18|isbn=978-0-631-18349-5}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Northern Ireland and the Politics of Reconciliation|url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521459334|editor=Dermot Keogh|publisher=Cambridge University Press|date=28 January 1994|pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780521459334/page/55 55]–59|isbn=978-0-521-45933-4}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.passia.org/seminars/2004/John-Coakley-Ireland-Seminar.htm|title=ETHNIC CONFLICT AND THE TWO-STATE SOLUTION: THE IRISH EXPERIENCE OF PARTITION|author=John Coakley|accessdate=15 February 2009|quote=...these attitudes are not rooted particularly in religious belief, but rather in underlying ethnonational identity patterns.|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/66doFx4nE?url=http://www.passia.org/seminars/2004/John-Coakley-Ireland-Seminar.htm|archivedate=3 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
سطر 54:
{{زمرہ کومنز|Northern Ireland Troubles}}
* [http://www.ark.ac.uk/elections Northern Ireland Elections Archive]
* [http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/ Northern Ireland Conflict Archive on the Internet (CAIN Project)] {{wayback|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/ |date=20070530181849 }}
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/recent/troubles/index.shtml BBC Northern Ireland: The Troubles]
* [http://www.wesleyjohnston.com/users/ireland/past/troubles/index.htm The Troubles – Statistical Analysis]
سطر 66:
* [http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-24987465 Interview with undercover soldiers by BBC dated 21 November 2013]
* [http://player.bfi.org.uk/film/watch-belfast-no-way-out-1970/ Belfast: No Way Out (1970) on BFI Player]{{wayback|url=http://player.bfi.org.uk/film/watch-belfast-no-way-out-1970/ |date=20170712122750 }}
* [http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch72.htm Timeline of events] {{wayback|url=http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/chron/ch72.htm |date=20110305015858 }}
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