ویکیپیڈیا

طفلی فحش نگاری کی قانونی حیثیت

طفلی فحش نگاری (انگریزی: Child pornography) زیادہ تر ممالک میں غیر قانونی ہے، لیکن تعریفوں، زمروں، سزاؤں اور قوانین کی تشریحات میں کافی فرق ہے۔ اختلافات میں قوانین کے تحت "بچے" کی تعریف شامل ہے، جو جنسی رضا مندی کی عمر کے ساتھ مختلف ہو سکتی ہے۔ خود "چائلڈ پورنوگرافی" کی تعریف، مثال کے طور پر درمیانے درجے یا حقیقت کی بنیاد پر؛ اور کون سے اعمال مجرمانہ ہیں (مثلاً پروڈکشن، تقسیم، قبضہ، اور/یا مواد کو ڈاؤن لوڈ اور دیکھنا)۔ [1] افسانوی طفلی فحش نگاری سے متعلق قوانین دائرہ اختیار کے درمیان فرق کا ایک بڑا ذریعہ ہیں۔ کچھ نابالغوں کی تصویر کشی کرنے والی حقیقی اور فرضی پورنوگرافی کے درمیان قانونی حیثیت میں فرق برقرار رکھتے ہیں، جبکہ دیگر بچوں کی فحش نگاری کے خلاف عمومی قوانین کے تحت فرضی مواد کو منظم کرتے ہیں۔

کئی تنظیموں اور معاہدوں نے ممالک کے لیے غیر پابند رہنما خطوط (ماڈل قانون سازی) طے کیے ہیں۔ اگرچہ کوئی ملک دستخط کنندہ ہو سکتا ہے، ہو سکتا ہے کہ اس نے ان رہنما خطوط کو نافذ کرنے کا انتخاب کیا ہو یا نہ کیا ہو۔ اس مضمون میں دی گئی معلومات تبدیلی کے تابع ہیں کیونکہ دنیا بھر میں قوانین کو مسلسل اپ ڈیٹ کیا جاتا ہے۔


حیثیت بلحاظ ملک

ترمیم
جدول کلید
قانونی حیثیت تفصیل
غیر قانونی حقیقی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی:' یہ ٹیگ فرض کرتا ہے کہ چائلڈ پورنوگرافی کی فروخت، پیداوار اور تقسیم غیر قانونی ہے (ازروئے قانون) بذریعہ ڈیفالٹ جب تک کہ دوسری صورت میں بیان نہ کیا جائے۔

'افسانوی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی:'یہ ٹیگ فرض کرتا ہے کہ افسانوی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی کی فروخت، پیداوار، اور تقسیم بطور ڈیفالٹ غیر قانونی ہے (ازروئے قانون) جب تک کہ دوسری صورت میں بیان نہ کیا جائے۔
قبضہ:' فرضی اور حقیقی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی دونوں کے لیے بطور ڈیفالٹ (سادہ قبضے سمیت) غیر قانونی (ازروئے قانون) ہے جب تک کہ دوسری صورت میں بیان نہ کیا جائے۔

مواقعاتی حقیقی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی:' یہ جزوی طور پر قانونی صورت حال کا احاطہ کر سکتا ہے، یا جہاں قانون نافذ نہیں ہے۔ تفصیلات "مختصر خلاصہ" سیکشن میں مل سکتی ہیں۔

'افسانوی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی:' یہ اس وقت استعمال ہوتا ہے جب خیالی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی کو قانون کے ذریعے واضح طور پر بیان نہیں کیا جاتا ہے، یا ان ممالک کے لیے جو اس بات کی وضاحت کرتے ہیں کہ کون سے حصے قانونی/غیر قانونی ہیں۔
'قبضہ: اگر صرف افسانوی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی قانونی ہے، تو اس کا بطور ڈیفالٹ قبضہ بھی قانونی ہے۔ یہ جزوی طور پر قانونی اور غیر نافذ شدہ حالات کا بھی احاطہ کرتا ہے۔

قانونی حقیقی یا خیالی چائلڈ پورنوگرافی:'' کوئی پابندیاں نہیں ہیں۔

قبضہ: کوئی پابندیاں نہیں ہیں۔

کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانون کی حیثیت نامعلوم ہے، یہ اضافی سورسنگ کے ساتھ تبدیل ہو سکتا ہے۔

افریقا

ترمیم
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ
Algeria غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Algeria by any means per Article 333 bis 1 of their penal code.[2] Punishments include prison sentences of up to 5 to 10 years with a fine of 500,000 DA to 1,000,000 DA.[3]
Angola غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Article 184 of the Angolan penal code prohibits the production, transport and sale of sexually explicit material involving a child.[4] The law does not include simple possession or mention fictional material.[5]
Benin غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The "Child Code" of Benin prohibits child pornography including possession and simulated images. Persons convicted of child pornography face sentences of two to five years' imprisonment and fines ranging from two to five million CFA francs ($3,610 to $9,025).[1]
Botswana غیر قانونی Illegal: electronic forms غیر قانونی قبضہ of child pornography is illegal in Botswana, and punishable with between 5 and 15 years' imprisonment.[6] Electronic forms of an apparent child are also illegal, but define a "child" as under the age of 14.[7]
Burkina Faso Illegal; not defined قانونی قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Burkina Faso, but not clearly defined. Mere possession, simulated representations, or realistic images of a non-existent child are not criminalized.[8][9]
Burundi غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Burundi and punishable by fines and between 3 and 5 years in prison.[10] Possession of child pornography is not criminalized.[11]
Cameroon غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Producing, possessing, or distributing child pornography is illegal in Cameroon with punishments of 5 to 10 years of imprisonment and fines from 5 million CFA francs to 10 million CFA francs.[2][12] Virtual child pornography (“realistic” images) and a person “appearing” to be a child are also punishable conducts.[13]
Cape Verde غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Cape Verdean law prohibits the use of children under age 18 in pornography, with penalties for conviction of up to three years' imprisonment.[1][14]
Central African Republic قانونی قانونی قانونی No laws in the Central African Republic prohibit child pornography.[15]
Chad غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Article 362 of the Penal Code 2017 of Chad criminalizes the production, distribution, importation, exportation, supply, making available, sale, obtaining or handing over to others, possession of any material.[1]
Comoros غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Conviction of child pornography is punishable in Comoros by fines or imprisonment.[16] There is no information available regarding fictional forms or mere possession.
Democratic Republic of the Congo غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The Democratic Republic of the Congo's penal code prohibits child pornography by any means whatsoever. Those convicted face 10 to 20 years imprisonment.[1][17][18] Mere possession by any means is not addressed in the law.
Republic of Congo غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography (including possession) in the Republic of the Congo is punishable by Article 66 of the Law on the Protection of the Child of the Republic of Congo (Law No. 4-2010).[1]
Djibouti غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[19]
Egypt Illegal; not defined غیر قانونی غیر قانونی While all forms of pornography are prohibited, Egyptian laws do not specifically define or prohibit child pornography.[20][21]
Equatorial Guinea قانونی قانونی قانونی No laws in Equatorial Guinea prohibit child pornography.[22]
Eritrea غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Eritrea, however this law does not mention possession or anything fictional.[23]
Eswatini غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Practices related to child pornography are illegal in Eswatini under the "Sexual Offences and Domestic Violence Act, 2018".[24] Offenders face up to 25 years imprisonment.[25]
Ethiopia Illegal; not defined Illegal: electronic forms غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal (but not defined) in Ethiopia per Article 12 of the "Computer Crime Proclamation (2016)" act.[26][27] There is no information given for physical forms such as drawings or paintings.
Gabon غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[28]
The Gambia Illegal; not defined کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی While child pornography is illegal in the Gambia, the law in place is "extremely under-developed".[29] Mere possession of "child sexual abuse materials" is not criminalized.[29]
Ghana Illegal; not defined غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Ghana, but no clear definition is given on what “sexually explicit conduct” means leaving the law open for discretion.[30] Virtual child pornography (“realistic” images) and a person “appearing” to be a child are also punishable conducts.[13]
Guinea Illegal, but unenforced Illegal, but unenforced Illegal, but unenforced Child pornography in any representation is illegal in Guinea under the "Criminal Code Act (1974)".[31] The United States Department of State notes that this law is "generally unenforced".[32]
Guinea-Bissau غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Guinea-Bissau, but possession and distribution are not criminally prohibited.[33][34]
Ivory Coast غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں The law in Ivory Coast prohibits the use, recruitment, or offering of minors for commercial sex or use in pornographic films, pictures, or events.[35]
Kenya غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[36]
Lesotho غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Lesotho, and is punishable by not less than 10 years' imprisonment.[37]
Liberia غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal "in any form or manner" and is punishable by up to five years' imprisonment.[1][38]
Libya قانونی قانونی قانونی No laws in Libya prohibit child pornography.[39]
Madagascar غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Article 346 of the Penal Code of Madagascar criminalizes the use of “any means” to disseminate child pornography.[1] Officials have stated that the laws were often not uniformly interpreted or applied.[40]
Malawi Illegal; not defined غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Although laws in Malawi do not clearly define child pornography, it criminalises possession with a sanction of 14 years' imprisonment. This covers any visual depiction, including any photograph, film, video, image, whether made or produced by electronic, mechanical, or other means.[41]
Mali غیر قانونی غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Mali per Article 228 of the 2001 adopted penal code.[42] Penalties for conviction range from five to 20 years in prison.[43] This law includes "pornographic pictures, films or drawings showing one or several minors aged less than thirteen".[42]
Mauritania غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی قبضہ of child pornography is illegal in Mauritania with penalties of 2 months to 1 year in prison and a fine.[44]
Mauritius غیر قانونی Legally unclear غیر قانونی While child pornography and possession is illegal in Mauritius, its unclear whether pure fiction counts as a representation of a person.[45][46]
Morocco
(including most of Western Sahara)		 غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[47][48]
Mozambique Illegal, partly enforced کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Illegal, partly enforced Child pornography is illegal in Mozambique but is only partly enforced.[1][49]
Namibia غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Production and possession of child pornography is illegal in Namibia.[50]
Niger غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Niger.[51]
Nigeria غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The Child Rights Act makes child pornography illegal in Nigeria, but not all states have implemented it.[52] It is also criminalized by the Cybercrimes Prohibition Act of 2015.[53] Virtual child pornography (“realistic” images) and a person “appearing” to be a child are also punishable conducts.[13]
Rwanda غیر قانونی غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Rwanda, and convictions are punishable by life imprisonment along with a substantial monetary fine.[54] The law also applies to "objects of sexual nature" which includes the production of writings and drawings.[55]
São Tomé and Príncipe غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in São Tomé and Príncipe per article 180 of the penal code.[1][56]
Senegal غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[57][58]
Seychelles غیر قانونی Illegal; not defined غیر قانونی Producing or possessing child pornography is illegal in Seychelles, with imprisonment for conviction of up to 20 years.[59] Fictional 'indecent' images or representations are also illegal, but these remain undefined in the law.[60]
Sierra Leone غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Sierra Leone ("includes other visual representation") punishable by a term of imprisonment of not more than 10 years.[1][61]
Somalia قانونی قانونی قانونی No laws in Somalia criminally prohibit child pornography.[62]
South Africa غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography are illegal in South Africa. This includes possessing, creating, or importing any image or description of a person "real or simulated".[63][64]
South Sudan غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[65]
Sudan غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[66]
Tanzania غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[67]
Togo غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Togo by any means whatsoever, and is punishable by 5 to 10 years in prison.[1][68]
Tunisia غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[69]
Uganda غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography are prohibited.[70]
Zambia Illegal; not defined غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Zambia but is not defined.[71][72]
Zimbabwe غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Zimbabwe as anyone in possession can be charged with public indecency which is punishable by a 'small fine", imprisonment up to 6 months, or both.[73] All forms of pornography are prohibited.[74]
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی Fictional قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ

ایشیا

ترمیم
مزید دیکھیے: ایشیا میں فحش نگاری
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ
Afghanistan کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography was illegal in Afghanistan under the Afghan penal code: “[i]f an adult male has intercourse with a person younger than the legal age, his act shall be considered rape and the victim's consent is invalid.” This law also applied to women offenders who may have been additionally charged with adultery.[75] Following Fall of Kabul and subsequent takeover of power by the Taliban in 2021, the legal status of child pornography is unclear.
Azerbaijan غیر قانونی غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں All forms of child pornography are illegal in Azerbaijan, but laws regarding simple possession are not stated.[76][77]
Bahrain غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Legally unclear: In hand Child pornography is forbidden in Bahrain, its legally unclear if this applies to non electronic possession or fictional forms.[78][79]
Bangladesh غیر قانونی قانونی Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography is illegal in Bangladesh except for virtual forms which are not addressed.[80]
Bhutan غیر قانونی Legally unclear کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Bhutan as it falls under "obscene material". Virtual child pornography, and mere possession are not addressed.[81][82]
Brunei غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[83]
Cambodia غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited in Cambodia, which includes photographs and drawings.[84]
China (including Hong Kong and Macau) غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited with the exceptions of Hong Kong and Macau, which only make child pornography illegal.[85][86]
Cyprus غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Cyprus with maximum sentences of up to life in prison.[87]
India غیر قانونی Legal, art only غیر قانونی All forms of pornography except fictional depictions "in the interest of art or literature" are prohibited.[88][89]
Indonesia Illegal; not defined Illegal, not defined Illegal, not defined All forms of pornography in Indonesia are prohibited in theory. The law makes no clear definition of child pornography and its forms.[90]
Iran غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[91]
Iraq غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[92]
Israel (excluding Palestinian territories) غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography are illegal in Israel. This includes possession and fictional depictions.[93]
Japan غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; fictional only Simple possession, production, and distribution of child pornography is illegal in Japan.[94][95] Fictional child pornography, such as Lolicon and Shotacon, are excluded from the law. These fall under "cultural and artistic activities" which are protected by freedom of expression.[96]
Jordan Legal; restricted online Legally unclear قانونی Child pornography is not explicitly defined nor criminalized in the Jordanian legislation, but there are online laws in place which criminalize dissemination.[97]
Kazakhstan غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Kazakhstan except for mere possession.[98] The law also provides administrative penalties to cover the sale of pornographic materials to minors.[99]
North Korea غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[100][101]
South Korea غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography (real or fictional) are prohibited. These actively enforced laws also allow government monitoring and censorship, possession of any form (child or not) is also illegal.[102][103]
Kuwait غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[104]
Kyrgyzstan Illegal; not defined Legally unclear Legal; some restrictions While child pornography is illegal in Kyrgyzstan, there is no legislation that defines child pornography by law.[105] Computer related activities such as access to child pornography online, and mere possession are not fully criminalized.[105][106]
Laos غیر قانونی Legally unclear قانونی Laws in Laos prohibit the dissemination of pornography, giving it a broad definition that could be interpreted to include simulated representations of children. Simple possession is not criminalized.[107]
Lebanon غیر قانونی غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں The Penal Code and Law 422 protect children from child pornography which include the artificial practice of simulating sexual activities or virtual portrayals.[108][109]
Malaysia غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Offenses related to child pornography in Malaysia was loosely defined in the Penal Code, before being restricted in detail with the inclusion of Sexual Offences Against Children Act 2017 (first amended in 2023). [110]
Maldives Illegal; not defined Legally unclear غیر قانونی While all forms of pornography are prohibited in Maldives under Sharia, there are no specific provisions defining "child pornography".[111][112]
Mongolia Illegal; not defined Legally unclear کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں While illegal, there are no specific provisions focused on child pornography. Legal penalties depend on the interpretation of other related laws.[113]
Myanmar غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Myanmar, it is unknown if the law covers simple possession or fictional forms.[114]
Nepal غیر قانونی قانونی Legally unclear; real Nepalese law prohibits taking or allowing to be taken any photograph of children for the purpose of engaging a child in immoral profession. Virtual child pornography is not criminalized under Nepalese law, while mere possession under "real" is not mentioned.[115][116]
Oman غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[117]
Pakistan غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography (adult and child) are prohibited.[118][119]
Philippines غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The "Anti-Child Pornography Act" makes child pornography illegal in the Philippines in all forms.[120][121]
Qatar غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[122]
Saudi Arabia غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Saudi Arabia. This includes possession but virtual/fictional forms are not addressed.[123]
Singapore غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography are prohibited.[124][125][126] ICMEC Singapore has a voluntary Asia-Pacific Financial Coalition Against Child Pornography (APAC-FCACP) to fight online child sexual exploitation.[127]
Sri Lanka Illegal; not defined Legally unclear غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Sri Lanka, but is undefined, and not always enforced by authorities.[128][129] "Fictional" child pornography such as drawings and cartoons are also covered but face the same undefined issue.[129]
Syria Illegal, possibly unenforced کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Illegal, possibly unenforced Syrian law considers child pornography a trafficking crime, but the punishment for child pornography is set at the local level with unclear enforcement.[130]
Taiwan غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; fictional only The "Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act" criminalizes the production, broadcast, distribution, and exhibition of pornography. Simple possession of such materials without justifiable cause is punishable by fines.[131] Fictional child pornography, with the exception of creations depicting real people or realistic images generated by AI, are excluded from the "Child and Youth Sexual Exploitation Prevention Act".[132]
Tajikistan غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; fictional only Child pornography is illegal in Tajikistan, except for possession which is not mentioned by law.[133][134] Virtual child pornography, and suggestive representations of children are not defined.[133]
Thailand غیر قانونی Legally unclear غیر قانونی Child pornography including possession is illegal in Thailand,[135] as is pornography in general.[136] According to ECPAT though, the law does not reflect the definition of virtual “child pornography” set forth in international legal instruments.[137]
East Timor غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography including possession of it is illegal in East Timor. Convictions are punishable with 3 to 10 years imprisonment.[138]
Turkey غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in Turkey with imprisonment of 2 to 5 years and a fine for violations. Fictional child pornography has been illegal since 2016.[139]
Turkmenistan Illegal; not defined Legally unclear کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں While there are no specific child pornography laws in Turkmenistan, legislation states that the production and dissemination of (child) pornographic printed publications, films or any pornographic items shall be prohibited.[140][141]
United Arab Emirates غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal,[142] and all forms of pornography.[143]
Uzbekistan غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Although the production and distribution of child pornography are criminally prohibited, possession is not criminalized in Uzbekistan.[144]
Vietnam Illegal; not defined Legally unclear کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal, but not defined under Vietnamese law.[145] The production, distribution, dissemination, and sale of material deemed to be child pornography is punishable by 3 to 10 years in prison.[146] Virtual "child pornography" is not defined or explicitly criminalized.[145]
Yemen Illegal, but unenforced کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں The legal framework in Yemen does not adequately prohibit child pornography.[147] This country has been hampered by an ongoing civil war since 2014, and the extent of Sharia law implementation is unclear.[148]
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی Fictional قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ

یورپ

ترمیم
مزید دیکھیے: یورپ میں فحش نگاری
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ
Albania غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; fictional only The production and distribution of child pornography is illegal in Albania, and is punishable by a prison sentence of three to 10 years.[149] While the possession of "real" child pornography is illegal, there are no provisions for fictional forms.[150]
Andorra غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography (real or fictional) including ownership are illegal in Andorra. Prison sentences range from one to four years depending on the severity of the crime committed.[151][152]
Armenia غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Armenia and punishable by up to 7 years in prison.[153]
Austria غیر قانونی Legal; not realistic Legal; fictional only Child pornography is illegal in Austria except for unrealistic depictions.[154][155] Photorealistic (lit. "close to reality") forms are prohibited, and are treated as regular child pornography.[154]
Belarus غیر قانونی قانونی قانونی Producing and distributing pornographic materials depicting a minor is illegal in Belarus, and punishable by up to 13 years in prison.[156] The law does not criminalize simple possession or virtual forms of "child pornography".[157]
Belgium غیر قانونی Legal; not realistic Legal; fictional only قبضہ of, producing, and disseminating child pornography is illegal in Belgium.[158] While fictional child pornography is legal, the law applies to pornographic art that realistically depicts underage characters.[159]
Bosnia and Herzegovina غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The Criminal Codes of FBiH, RS, and BD prohibit the production, possession, and distribution of child pornography.[160] These laws also apply to a person who "looks like a child" in real or explicitly simulated evident sexual behaviour.[161]
Bulgaria غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; fictional only Child pornography and possession is illegal in Bulgaria.[162][163] Fictional forms such as "realistic images" or "virtual" representations are not included nor criminalized.[162][164]
Croatia غیر قانونی Legal; artwork only Legal; Artwork only Child pornography is illegal in Croatia with laws actively enforced.[165][166] Fictional forms are only allowed if they are considered to be "artistic, medical, scientific, and informative" content.[166]
Czech Republic غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in the Czech Republic with laws that are actively enforced.[167] There is no information regarding the implementation of fictional child pornography laws.
Denmark
(including all territories)		 غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; fictional only قبضہ, distribution, and production of child pornography is illegal under Danish law. Penalties for the distribution of child pornography include up to a six-year prison sentence.[168][169] Fictional forms are legal as there are no laws in Denmark which prohibit "pornographic" drawings of children.[170]
Estonia غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Estonia with punishments ranging from a fine to three years in prison.[171] While fictional forms are also illegal per article 178 of the Penal Code, this law does not apply to Estonian citizens who legally commit the offense abroad.[172]
Finland
(including Åland)		 غیر قانونی Legal; not realistic Legal; fictional only Under Finnish law, it is illegal to possess, produce or distribute child pornography.[173] If there is no child (defined as a real person) in child pornography, then it is legal depending on realism.[173]
France
(including all territories)		 غیر قانونی Legal; Artwork only Legal; Artwork only Child pornography is illegal in France, with a maximum penalty of 5 years in prison and a €75,000 fine for its use and distribution.[174] Fictional forms are also covered in the law except for works which are deemed artistic in value.[174][175]
Georgia غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography including possession are illegal in Georgia, and punishable by up to five years' imprisonment.[1][176]
Germany غیر قانونی Legal; No real events related Legal; fictional only Distributing, acquiring, and possessing child pornography is illegal in Germany with punishments from one year to 10 years imprisonment.[177] Fictional "child pornography" is legal as long as it does not produce or reproduce an actual event.[177]
Greece غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography are illegal in Greece. Article 348A of the Greek criminal code punishes offenders with imprisonment of at least one year and a fine of €10,000 to €100,000.[178]
Hungary غیر قانونی Legal; not realistic Legal; fictional only Child pornography and possession is illegal in Hungary per "Act C" of the 2012 criminal code. Hungarian law defines "child pornography" as "any video, movie or photograph or other form of recording".[179] This law does not include capturing a child (under 18) by drawing or painting as long as the content is non "realistic".[180][181][182]
Iceland غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography (adult and child) are prohibited.[183]
Ireland غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography and possession are illegal in Ireland.[184] This includes 'pornography" that doesn't contain any "real children".[185]
Italy غیر قانونی Legally unclear غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in Italy per Article 600 of the Italian criminal code. [186][187]
Latvia غیر قانونی Legal; Artwork only Legal; Artwork only All forms of child pornography are prohibited in Latvia except for works that are educational, informative, scientific, or artistic in value.[188]
Liechtenstein غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی قبضہ or distribution of child pornography is a criminal offense, with penalties of up to three years in prison.[189] The legal definition of "pornographic depictions of minors" makes no distinction between real or fictional pornography.[190]
Lithuania غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in Lithuania per Articles 162 and 309 of the Lithuanian criminal code. The law includes material "displaying a child or presenting a person as a child", with punishments of up to 3 years imprisonment.[191]
Luxembourg Illegal; not defined کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography (including possession) is illegal in Luxembourg. An ongoing issue is that there is no clear definition for "child pornography" as highly sexualised pictures of children are sometimes considered perfectly legal.[192][193] The law does not mention fictional forms leaving no data available.
Malta غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in Malta with punishments ranging from 3 to 12 years imprisonment depending on the action involved.[194] This law also includes simulated images in the form of drawings and cartoons under Malta's criminal code.[195]
Moldova غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography, in both real or fictional forms is illegal in Moldova according to article 208.1 of the penal code, with punishments ranging from 1 to 3 years imprisonment.[196][197]
Monaco غیر قانونی Legally unclear; not realistic Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography and possession is illegal in Monaco per Article 294-3 of the Monacan criminal code. The law also includes falsified "realistic" images of a physical person that was fully or partially created using digital technology.[198] No information is given for other possible real or unrealistic forms.
Montenegro Illegal; not defined Legally unclear Legally unclear: fictional Article 211 of the Criminal Code criminalises “pornographic” content and performances but does not define the term “pornographic” or what is considered to be “child pornography”.[199][200] Fictional forms are not defined or criminalized, but a provision under Article 211 could cover them.[200]
Netherlands
(including all territories)		 غیر قانونی Legally unclear; not realistic Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography and possession is illegal in the Netherlands per Article 240b of the criminal code.[201] The law also includes "realistic" images which are in a legal grey area, as judgements are made that vary from image to image.[202]
North Macedonia غیر قانونی Legally unclear; not realistic Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography and possession is illegal in North Macedonia per Article 193 (plus a and b) of the criminal code.[203] The law also covers "realistic pictures" without providing a definition.[203]
Norway
(including all territories)		 غیر قانونی Legally unclear غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in Norway per Section 311 of the penal code. This is defined as any depiction of sexual abuse of children, or any content that sexualises children. "Children" is defined as "persons who are or appear to be under 18 years of age". The law makes an exception for works deemed to be artistic, scientific, and/or informational, as well as cases involving 16 and 17 year olds "if this person consented and the two are approximately equal in age and development".[204]
Poland Illegal; not defined Legally unclear Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography (including possession) is illegal in Poland, but legislation does not define the concept of "child pornography".[205] Fictional forms are in a legal gray area as they could arguably fall under Section 4b of article 202 of the penal code.[205]
Portugal
(including all territories)		 غیر قانونی Legally unclear Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography and possession is illegal in Portugal under Article 176 of the Portuguese penal code.[206] The law is also vague in its definition of "pornographic depictions" when mentioning "realistic representations of children".[207][Note 2]
Romania غیر قانونی Legally unclear Legally unclear: fictional Art. 374 of the Romanian Penal Code defines "Child pornography material" as any material “presenting a minor having explicit sexual behaviour or an adult who is presented as a minor having explicit sexual behaviour or images that, although not presenting a real person, simulate, credibly, a minor having that kind of behaviour and any representation of children sexual organs with the intent of depicting sexual behaviour.”[209] It's unclear if images that present unrealistic fictional characters are also considered images that simulate minors.[210][211][212]
Russia
(including occupied Ukraine)		 غیر قانونی غیر قانونی قانونی Storage with the intend of distribution of child pornography is illegal in Russia according to article 242-1 of the Criminal Code.[213][214] There is also nothing in the law that prohibits simple possession of child pornography.[215][214]
San Marino غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Child pornography is illegal in San Marino except for simple possession.[216][217] There is no data available for fictional forms.
Serbia غیر قانونی Legal; not "abusive" Legal; Fictional only Child pornography is illegal in Serbia under article 185 of the criminal code, being punishable by up to 5 years imprisonment.[218][219] Fictional forms are not criminalized unless they are found to be abusive to a "juvenile" by electronic or other means.
Slovakia غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography (including possession) is illegal in Slovakia under sections 368-370 of the criminal code.[220] Penalties range from two to 20 years' imprisonment.[221] Section 127 of the criminal code defines "child" as "a person under eighteen years of age, unless [they] ha[ve] reached the legal age earlier". The section defines child pornography as "pornographic material that visually depicts sexual intercourse, different act of sexual intercourse, or other conduct similar to sexual intercourse with a child, or naked parts of the child’s body, and that is designed to gratify sexual desire of another." It is not known if fictional content would fall under that definition.

However, in June 2013, the law was amended to prohibit "depiction of real or pretended intercourse, another method of sexual intercourse or other similar sexual intercourse with a child or a person who looks like a child, or the depiction of exposed parts of the body of a child or a person who looks like a child aimed at inducing the sexual satisfaction of another person". Accordingly, it is probable that fictional depictions fall under this definition.[222]

Slovenia غیر قانونی Legally unclear; not realistic Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography (including possession) is illegal in Slovenia under article 176 of the criminal code.[223][224] While the law also covers "pornographic or other sexual material depicting minors or their realistic images", no definition of "realistic" is given.[223]
Spain
(including all territories)		 غیر قانونی Legal; not realistic Legal; fictional only Child pornography (including "real" possession) is illegal in Spain per Article 189 of the Spanish criminal code.[225][226] Exceptions include fictional depictions that are not realistic enough to fall under the scope of the law.[227]
Sweden غیر قانونی Legally unclear Legally unclear: fictional Child pornography (including "real" possession) is illegal in Sweden per chapter 16, section 10A of the Swedish penal code.[228] In terms of "fictional" depictions, Sweden's supreme court ruled that a "manga expert" could keep one or two drawings in his possession that could, in other cases, be regarded as illegal child pornography.[229][230]
Switzerland غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography, including possession, is illegal in Switzerland per article 197 of the Swiss Criminal Code.[231][232] This law includes purely fictional forms such as drawings or virtual depictions.[233]
Ukraine غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Ukraine which defines[234] it as a "depicting in any way a child or a person who looks like a child, in a real or simulated sexually explicit image or involved in real or simulated sexual behaviour, or any image of the child's genitals for sexual purposes".[235][236] Article 301-1 of the Criminal Code (added in 2021) prohibits possession. As Ukraine is currently subject to an invasion, occupied land controlled by Russia is in a legal gray area.
United Kingdom (including all territories) غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography (real or fictional) including possession is illegal in the United Kingdom per the Protection of Children Act of 1978 and the Coroners and Justice Act 2009. The law includes real and fictional "indecent pseudo-photographs of a child".[237][238] Punishments for indictment incur a maximum of 10 years imprisonment.[239]
Vatican City غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Pope Francis specifically listed possession of child pornography as a crime against children that can be punished by up to 12 years in prison.[240]
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ

شمالی امریکا

ترمیم
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ
Antigua and Barbuda غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Child pornography is illegal in Antigua and Barbuda. Offenders are subject to fines of up to $500,000 XCD ($185,000) and 20 years in prison.[241]
The Bahamas غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography including mere possession of it are illegal in the Bahamas. Those found guilty are liable to imprisonment for life.[242]
Barbados Legal: film distribution only Legal; not realistic Legal; fictional only The Protection of Children Act prohibits the use of children in pornographic activities, but this does not apply to distribution of films.[243] Non-realistic representations without involvement from a real person are excluded in the law.[244][245]
Belize غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The law in Belize prohibits the simple possession of child pornography.[246]
Canada غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Section 163.1 of the Criminal Code of Canada, enacted on June 25, 1993,[247] forbids the production, distribution, and possession of both real and fictional child pornography, including material in the form of writing,[248] fictional visual representations,[249] and audiovisual recordings. Maximum punishments vary from ten to fourteen years in prison depending on the type of offense.[250][251][252]
Costa Rica غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography, including its possession, are illegal in Costa Rica. Defendants found guilty of selling, financing, distributing or exhibiting child pornography will serve convictions of four to eight years.[253][254][255]
Cuba غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Cuba, and the law imposes seven- to 15-years' imprisonment. Mere possession of child pornography is not criminalized.[256]
Dominica قانونی قانونی قانونی There are no laws in Dominica that prohibit child pornography.[257]
Dominican Republic غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Illegal: electronic form Laws in the Dominican Republic contain specific provisions that prohibit child pornography.[253][258] Possession is only illegal in electronic form.[259]
El Salvador Illegal, but unenforced قانونی Legal; Fictional only El Salvador's penal Code prohibits child pornography involving real children. This remains unenforced due to inadequate training and resources.[253][260]
Grenada Illegal: electronic forms Legal; complex situation[Note 3] Illegal: electronic forms Electronic forms of child pornography are illegal in Grenada under the Electronic Crimes Act. Psychical forms and possession of them are not mentioned.[261]
Guatemala Illegal; production غیر قانونی قانونی Production of child pornography is illegal in Guatemala. Non-realistic images of child pornography are also criminalized, but possession remains legal.[253][262]
Haiti Illegal, but unenforced قانونی قانونی Haitian law prohibits child pornography, but there are no mechanisms established for enforcement.[263] There are also no provisions on the production, possession, and dissemination of child pornography.[264]
Honduras غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; Fictional only Pornography involving real children is illegal in Honduras. Penalties range from 4 to 15 years imprisonment from possession to distribution, production, etc.[253][265]
Jamaica غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The production, possession, importation, exportation, and distribution of child pornography is illegal in Jamaica and is punishable by a maximum penalty of 23 years in prison and a fine of J$500,000.[266]
Mexico غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography are illegal in Mexico with prison sentences ranging from six months to 12 years depending on the felon's age.[253][267][268]
Nicaragua غیر قانونی غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں All forms of child pornography are illegal in Nicaragua, including fictional drawings.[253] The government generally enforces the law with prison sentences ranging from 10 to 15 years.[269]
Panama غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography including possession are illegal in Panama.[253][270]
Saint Kitts and Nevis Illegal: electronic forms Legally unclear; not realistic Illegal; electronic forms The criminal code makes publishing, producing, or possessing child pornography through an electronic device a crime. There is no information given on psychical forms, unrealistic images, and possession of them.[271]
Saint Lucia قانونی قانونی قانونی There are no laws in Saint Lucia that define or specifically prohibit child pornography.[272]
Trinidad and Tobago غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession of it is illegal in Trinidad and Tobago. Offenders are liable on conviction on indictment, to a fine of thirty thousand dollars and to imprisonment for ten years.[273]
United States (including all territories) غیر قانونی Legal; not "obscene" Legal; fictional only The U.S. laws against child pornography are virtually always enforced and among the harshest in the world.[274] "Fictional child pornography" is legally protected as freedom of expression under the First Amendment, unless it is considered obscene.[Note 4]
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ

اوقیانوسیہ

ترمیم
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ
Australia (all states and territories) غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Acts such as possession, production and distribution of child pornography (real or fictional) are illegal in Australia, and can be punished by up to a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison and/or a $275,000 fine.[278][279][280]
Federated States of Micronesia Illegal; in Pohnpei کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Only Pohnpei has a statute prohibiting child pornography. Both Chuuk and Pohnpei have provisions against filming explicit movies of underage children, but Yap and Kosrae have no such provisions.[281]
Fiji غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in Fiji per Article 91 of the "Employment Relations Promulgation" (2007), and Article 62A of the "Juveniles Act".[282][283][284] This law includes the wording: "persons who look like juveniles whether they are or not".[282]
Kiribati Legally unclear Legally unclear Legally unclear The status of child pornography in Kiribati is unclear. A report by the United States Department of State conducted in 2020 explains that "(Kiribati's) penal code has no specific provision concerning child pornography". This however, contradicts an apparent amendment made in 2016 to their penal code.[285][286]
Marshall Islands Illegal; not defined کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں قانونی Child pornography is criminalized, but not defined in the Marshall Islands.[287] There is no mention of production, possession or dissemination of child pornography in the law.[288]
Nauru غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں All forms of child pornography are illegal in Nauru.[289] It is unclear if this applies to unrealistic images or for possession.
New Zealand (including all territories) غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Browsing for, distributing, producing, and possessing child pornography are all illegal in New Zealand.[290]
Palau غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of child pornography are illegal in Palau. This law makes no exceptions for simple possession, photographs, films, videos, pictures, and computer-generated images or pictures.[291]
Papua New Guinea غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی All forms of pornography (including websites) are illegal in Papua New Guinea. Child pornography is punishable by 5 to 15 years' imprisonment and/or a fine up to 2 million kina.[292]
Samoa غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی Samoan law specifies a seven-year prison sentence for any person found guilty of possessing, publishing, distributing, or exhibiting indecent material featuring a child.[293][294]
Solomon Islands غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography is illegal in the Solomon Islands, and carries a maximum penalty of 10 years' imprisonment.[295][296]
Tonga Legal: film production only کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography and possession is illegal in Tonga with penalties of a maximum fine of TOP 100,000 ($43,000) or a maximum of 10 years in prison for individuals. Using children younger than 14 in the production of pornography is not criminalized.[297][298]
Tuvalu Legally unclear کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں Illegal; adult pornography All forms of pornography are prohibited, and the penal code includes penalties for those who make, distribute, or possess obscene publications. However, Tuvaluan law does not specifically address child pornography.[299]
Vanuatu غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی The maximum penalty in Vanuatu for publishing child pornography is five years' imprisonment, and for possession, two years' imprisonment.[300]
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ

جنوبی امریکا

ترمیم
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ
Argentina غیر قانونی Legally unclear غیر قانونی Article 128 of the Argentine penal code prohibits the possession and distribution of child pornography with prison sentences between four months and one year for possession and three to six years for distribution.[301] Fictional child pornography is in a legal gray area as the law does not specifically mention it.[301][302]
Bolivia غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; Fictional only Child pornography is illegal, and is persecuted in Bolivia. Sentences are punishable by privation of freedom from 2 to 6 years.[303] Fictional child pornography and possession thereof remains legal.[304][253]
Brazil غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; Fictional only Production, distribution and possession of child pornography is illegal, and prosecuted in Brazil in accordance with its "Code of Minors".[305] Fictional child pornography and possession thereof remains legal.[306][307]
Chile غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی قبضہ of child pornography real or faked, or any representation of their genitalia with the purpose of sexual gratification is illegal under Chilean law. Sentences are punishable from 541 days to 5 years imprisonment depending on the situation.[308]
Colombia غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; Fictional only حقیقی child pornography is illegal and is prosecuted in Colombia.[309] The Supreme Court of Justice of Colombia ruled in 2018 that "artificial child pornography" is not a crime. This applies to non nude photographs, drawings, animation, and situations that do not involve actual abuse.[310]
Ecuador غیر قانونی غیر قانونی غیر قانونی The possession, storing, fabrication or distribution of child pornography or any other kind of sexually explicit pedophile material is illegal under Ecuadorian law.[311]
Guyana Legal, restricted by regulations قانونی قانونی There are no laws in Guyana that specifically prohibit child pornography. The sale, publishing, or exhibiting of obscene material, defined as anything that could deprive or corrupt those open to immoral influences is instead subject to regulations.[312]
Paraguay غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; Fictional only Child pornography involving actual children is illegal in Paraguay.[313] Virtual forms were not included in the "Paraguayan Criminal Code" of 1997.[314]
Peru غیر قانونی قانونی Legal; Fictional only Child pornography is illegal in Peru under article 183-A of the penal code except for fictional material that does not depict a real child.[253][315]
Suriname غیر قانونی کوئی ڈیٹا نہیں غیر قانونی Child pornography is prohibited in Suriname. Convictions carry a maximum penalty of six years' imprisonment and maximum fine of SRD 50,000 ($6,650).[316][317]
Uruguay غیر قانونی غیر قانونی قانونی All forms of child pornography are illegal, but Uruguay does not prohibit simple possession.[253][318]
Venezuela غیر قانونی قانونی قانونی Venezuela does not prohibit the simple possession of child pornography.[319] But sale and distribution of child pornography is illegal and punished by fines and/or imprisonment from 3 months to 4 years.[320] There are no laws that criminalize fictional forms.[253]
ملک[Note 1] حقیقی افسانوی قبضہ مختصر خلاصہ

مزید دیکھیے

ترمیم

حوالہ جات

ترمیم
  1. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح خ د ڈ ذ "Child Sexual Abuse Material: Model Legislation & Global Review: 9th Edition" (PDF)۔ International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children۔ 2018
  2. ^ ا ب "Global Legislative Review" (PDF)۔ International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  3. ↑ "Sexual Offenses Against Children" (PDF)۔ International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children۔ 2022۔ ص 11۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2022-12-22
  4. ↑ "Out of the shadows: Shining light on the response to child sexual abuse and exploitation" (PDF)۔ The Economist۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  5. ↑ "Prohibition of the sale of children, child pornography and child prostitution and related matters (arts. 3, 4(2) and (3), 5 and 7)" (PDF)۔ Supplementary report to the fifth to seventh periodic reports of Angola on the implementation of the Convention on the Rights of the Child regarding, “Sexual Exploitation of Children in Angola”۔ ECPAT International۔ 2018-07-17 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  6. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Botswana"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  7. ↑ "Chapter 08:06 Cybercrime and Computer Related Crimes" (PDF)۔ Government of Botswana۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  8. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Burkina Faso"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-16
  9. ↑ "Alternative report on the implementation of the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and pornography: Burkina Faso" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ ص 3۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  10. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Burundi" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  11. ↑ "Burundi" (PDF)۔ bi.usembassy.gov۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  12. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Cameroon"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  13. ^ ا ب پ "The Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in Africa" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2014۔ ص 52۔ 2021-05-15 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  14. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children"۔ 2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Cabo Verde۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  15. ↑ "2019 Human Rights Reports: Central African Republic" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  16. ↑ "Comoros 2020 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  17. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Democratic Republic of the Congo"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  18. ↑ "Loi n° 06/018 du 20 juillet 2006 modifiant et complétant le Décret du 30 janvier 1940 portant Code pénal congolais"۔ www.leganet.cd
  19. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Djibouti"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  20. ↑ Carmen M. Cusack (2014)۔ Pornography and The Criminal Justice System۔ CRC Press۔ ص 248۔ ISBN:9781482260021
  21. ↑ "Global Monitoring report on the status of action against commercial sexual exploitation of children: Egypt" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2008۔ 2021-07-06 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  22. ↑ "Equatorial Guinea 2019 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 23۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  23. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Eritrea"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  24. ↑ "Making and Distributing Pornographic Materials and Other Recordings in Breach of Privacy" (PDF)۔ The Sexual Offences and Domestic Violence Act, 2018۔ Swaziland Government Gazette۔ ص S25-S30۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  25. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Eswatini"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  26. ↑ "Child pornography" (PDF)۔ Article 19۔ ص 17۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  27. ↑ "Ethiopia: Brief Summary" (PDF)۔ The Economist۔ 2019
  28. ↑ "Gabon 2019 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ U.S. Department of State۔ ص 14۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  29. ^ ا ب "Executive Summary: The Gambia" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-15
  30. ↑ "Children's online safety concerns in Ghana: A position paper on legislative and policy gaps" (PDF)۔ UNICEF۔ 2018۔ ص 13۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  31. ↑ "Criminal Code Act 1974" (PDF)۔ Government of Guinea۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  32. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Guinea"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  33. ↑ "Guinea-Bissau" (PDF)۔ United States Department of Labor۔ 2015۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  34. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Guinea-Bissau" (PDF)۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  35. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Côte d'Ivoire"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  36. ↑ "Traffic in obscene publications"۔ Act Title: PENAL CODE۔ Government of the Republic of Kenya۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  37. ↑ "Lesotho 2019 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ U.S. Department of State۔ ص 15۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  38. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Liberia"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  39. ↑ "Libya 2021 Human Rights Report"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2022-05-16
  40. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Madagascar"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  41. ↑ "Child Pornography/Child Sexual Abuse Materials" (PDF)۔ Global Monitoring status of action against commercial sexual exploitation of children۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ 2021-05-15 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  42. ^ ا ب "Paragraph IV: Padophilia" (PDF)۔ Penal Code Law No. 01-079 OF 20 August 2001۔ Official Gazette (Mali)۔ 2002۔ ص 41
  43. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mali"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  44. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mauritania"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  45. ↑ "2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mauritius"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ 2021۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2022-05-16
  46. ↑ "21. Child pornography" (PDF)۔ The Children's Act 2020۔ Government Gazette of Mauritius۔ 2020۔ ص 524–525
  47. ↑ "Moroccan film director charged with 'pornography'"۔ Al Arabiya English۔ 25 جون 2015۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  48. ↑ Sanja Tatic؛ Christopher Walker (2006)۔ Countries at the Crossroads: A Survey of Democratic Governance۔ Rowman & Littlefield۔ ص 365۔ ISBN:9780742558014
  49. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mozambique"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  50. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Namibia"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  51. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Niger"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  52. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Nigeria"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  53. ↑ "Cybercime Prohibition Prevention Act"۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-08-20
  54. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Rwanda"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  55. ↑ "Organic law Instituting The Penal Code" (PDF)۔ Government of Rwanda۔ 2012۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  56. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: São Tomé and Príncipe"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  57. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Senegal"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  58. ↑ "Senegal"۔ ECPAT Global Database۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  59. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Seychelles" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  60. ↑ "Display of or traffic in indecent material 152. (1)"۔ Laws of Seychelles: The Penal Code۔ greybook.seylii.org۔ 2020۔ 2020-11-27 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2022-05-14
  61. ↑ "The Sexual Offences Act, 2012" (PDF)۔ Sierra Leone Government Printing Department۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  62. ↑ "Somalia" (PDF)۔ United States Department of Labor۔ 2018۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  63. ↑ "Judgement Delivered on 21 July 2017 Case No: A483/15" (PDF)۔ Judiciary of South Africa۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  64. ↑ "Films and Publications Amendment Bill of 2003 (104kb pdf file)" (PDF)۔ 2016-03-04 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2006-01-14
  65. ↑ "The Penal Code Act of 2008" (PDF)۔ Ministry Legal Affairs and Constitutional Development (South Sudan)۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  66. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Sudan"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  67. ↑ "The Cybercrimes Act 2015" (PDF)۔ Government of Tanzania۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  68. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Togo"۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  69. ↑ "Tunisia 2020 Crime & Safety Report"۔ Overseas Security Advisory Council۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-20
  70. ↑ "Uganda: ECPAT Country Overview" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2019۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  71. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Zambia"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  72. ↑ "Executive Summary: Zambia" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  73. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Zimbabwe"۔ U.S. Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-30
  74. ↑ Nigel Gambanga (29 اگست 2016)۔ "Here's Zimbabwe's Censorship Act, the law that makes viewing, making and sharing porn illegal"۔ TechZIM
  75. ↑ "2021 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Afghanistan"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2022-05-16
  76. ↑ "Analysis of Azerbaijani Legislation on Freedom of Expression"۔ Council of Europe۔ 2017۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  77. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Azerbaijan"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  78. ↑ "Bahrain 2020 Human Rights Report"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  79. ↑ "Freedom on the Net 2019: Bahrain"۔ Freedom House۔ 2019۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-04
  80. ↑ "Bangladesh"۔ ECPAT Global Database۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-29
  81. ↑ "Lewd and lascivious conduct" (PDF)۔ Penal Code of Bhutan۔ Government of Bhutan۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  82. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Bhutan)"۔ ECPAT Global Database۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2022-06-07 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  83. ↑ "Sale etc. of obscene articles." (PDF)۔ Penal Code of Brunei۔ Government of Brunei۔ ص 120۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  84. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children in Cambodia Submission" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2018۔ 2021-03-19 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  85. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: China (Includes Hong Kong, Macau, and Tibet)"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  86. ↑ Zhang, Laney (Foreign Law Specialist). "Children's Rights: China" (Archive). Library of Congress. August 2007. Last updated 16 March 2015. Retrieved 25 April 2015.
  87. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Cyprus"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  88. ↑ "Central Government Act: Section 67 [B] in The Information Technology Act, 2000"۔ Indian Kanoon۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2018-07-11
  89. ↑ Swati Deshpande (16 فروری 2009)۔ "Browsing child porn will land you in jail"۔ The Times of India۔ 2013-01-03 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2009-10-16
  90. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Indonesia)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2020-05-02 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-04-12
  91. ↑ "Iran 2016 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ 2016۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  92. ↑ "Immodest and shameful acts: Paragraph 403" (PDF)۔ The Penal Code۔ Government of Iraq۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  93. ↑ "Implementation Of The Optional Protocol To The Convention On The Rights Of The Child On The Sale Of Children, Child Prostitution And Child Pornography" (PDF)۔ Ministry of Justice۔ State of israel۔ ص 13–14۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  94. ↑ "Act on Punishment of Activities Relating to Child Prostitution and Child Pornography, and the Protection of Children"۔ Japaneselawtranslation.go.jp۔ 26 مئی 1999۔ 2012-02-21 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2013-03-05
  95. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Japan"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  96. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Japan)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2022-04-07 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  97. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children in Jordan Submission" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2018۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  98. ↑ "Executive Summary: Kazakhstan" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23[مردہ ربط]
  99. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Kazakhstan"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  100. ↑ Ralph Hassig؛ Kongdan Oh (2015)۔ The Hidden People of North Korea: Everyday Life in the Hermit Kingdom (2nd ایڈیشن)۔ Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers۔ ص 106۔ ISBN:978-1-4422-3719-3
  101. ↑ Child Pornography: Model Legislation & Global Review (PDF) (8th ایڈیشن)۔ International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children۔ 2016۔ ص 34۔ 2016-12-18 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2016-12-08
  102. ↑ Oh Ye-jin (20 مئی 2020). 아동 성착취물 소개하거나 보기만 해도 처벌…형량도 강화. YNA (ko-kr میں).{{حوالہ خبر}}: اسلوب حوالہ: نامعلوم زبان (link)
  103. ↑ "Act on the protection of children and youth against sex offenses"۔ Ministry of Justice, Republic of Korea.۔ 2019۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  104. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Kuwait"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  105. ^ ا ب "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Kyrgyz Republic"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  106. ↑ "Protection" (PDF)۔ Executive Summary: Kyrgyzstan۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  107. ↑ "Executive Summary: Laos" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2017۔ 2021-08-07 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  108. ↑ "Lebanon" (PDF)۔ Bureau of International Labor Affairs۔ 2011۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  109. ↑ "Penalty in Article 586 (4)"۔ BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development۔ 2019۔ ص 6۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  110. ↑ "Sexual Offences Against Children Act 2017 (Act 792); As at 11 July 2023" (PDF)
  111. ↑ "Section 617 – Criticizing Islam (Penal Code)"۔ Law No 6/2014۔ Government of Maldives۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  112. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Maldives)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  113. ↑ "Executive Summary: Mongolia" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ 2020-04-28 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  114. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Burma"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  115. ↑ "Legal framework" (PDF)۔ www.ohchr.org۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  116. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Nepal)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  117. ↑ "Foreign travel advice: Oman"۔ gov.uk۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  118. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Pakistan"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  119. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Pakistan)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  120. ↑ "Republic Act No. 9775, "Anti-Child Pornography Act of 2009""۔ Official Gazette of the Philippine Government۔ 13 اکتوبر 2009
  121. ↑ "2.1.1. Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Philippines)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-05-13 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  122. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Qatar"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  123. ↑ "Out of the Shadows: Saudi Arabia" (PDF)۔ The Economist۔ 2019۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  124. ↑ "Undesirable Publications Act"۔ Singapore Statutes Online۔ 2021۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  125. ↑ "Films Act"۔ Singapore Statutes Online۔ 2021۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  126. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Singapore"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  127. ↑ "Asia-Pacific Financial Coalition Against Child Pornography"۔ The International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children۔ 2016-03-13 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2016-03-13
  128. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Sri Lanka"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  129. ^ ا ب "National provisions defining "child pornography" (Sri Lanka)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  130. ↑ "Syria 2019 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 60۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  131. ↑ 兒童及少年性剝削防制條例-全國法規資料庫 (zh-Hant-TW میں). Ministry of Justice of the Republic of China. Retrieved 2020-07-07.{{حوالہ ویب}}: اسلوب حوالہ: نامعلوم زبان (link)
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  133. ^ ا ب "Convention on the Rights of the Child"۔ United Nations۔ 2017۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  134. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Tajikistan"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  135. ↑ "Criminal Code Amending Act (24th) B.E. 2558" (PDF)۔ 2016-04-10 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2016-12-13
  136. ↑ Poramet Tangsathanporn (17 فروری 2021)۔ "Turning to porn to survive"۔ Bangkok Post
  137. ↑ "National provisions defining "child pornography" (Thailand)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  138. ↑ "Article 176. Child pornography" (PDF)۔ PENAL CODE of the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste۔ Democratic Republic of Timor Leste۔ ص 51۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  139. ↑ "Mevzuat Bilgi Sistemi" [Turkish Penal Code]. mevzuat.gov.tr (ترکی میں). Retrieved 2023-01-18.
  140. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Turkmenistan"۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 60۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  141. ↑ "Freedom of Expression on the Internet" (PDF)۔ Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe The Office of the Representative on Freedom of the Media۔ 2010۔ ص 16۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
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  143. ↑ "D. Freedom of Expression and Belief: 4 / 16"۔ United Arab Emirates۔ Freedom House۔ 2016۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  144. ↑ "Uzbekistan" (PDF)۔ Bureau of International Labor Affairs۔ 2015۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  145. ^ ا ب "National provisions defining "child pornography" (Vietnam)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2021-03-01 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  146. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Vietnam"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  147. ↑ "Yemen" (PDF)۔ Bureau of International Labor Affairs۔ 2018۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-24
  148. ↑ "Yemen, Republic of"۔ Law.emory.edu۔ 2013-02-12 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2013-02-18
  149. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Albania"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  150. ↑ "Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Albania)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2022-05-28 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  151. ↑ "2022 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Andorra"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2023-12-09
  152. ↑ "Article 155 Utilisation de mineurs et incapables pour la pornographie". Nouveau Code Penal (فرانسیسی میں). Principality of Andorra. 2005. p. 72. Retrieved 2021-04-05.
  153. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Armenia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  154. ^ ا ب "Pornographische Darstellungen Minderjähriger" (جرمن میں). Federal Ministry for Digital and Economic Affairs. 2017. Retrieved 2021-04-05.
  155. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Austria"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  156. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Belarus"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  157. ↑ "Executive Summary: Belarus" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ ص 20۔ 2020-07-28 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  158. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Belgium"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-05
  159. ↑ "Belgian Law Regarding Child Pornography"سانچہ:Better source needed
  160. ↑ "Bosnia and Herzegovina" (PDF)۔ Bureau of International Labor Affairs۔ 2012۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  161. ↑ "ECPAT Country Overview: Bosnia and Herzegovina" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2018۔ ص 16۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  162. ^ ا ب "The practical implementation and operation of European policies on prevention and combating Cybercrime"۔ Council of the European Union۔ 2016۔ ص 34–35
  163. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Bulgaria"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  164. ↑ "Executive Summary: Bulgaria" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ ص 4۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  165. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Croatia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  166. ^ ا ب "Exploitation of Children for Pornography Article 163" (PDF)۔ Croatian Criminal Code۔ Government of Croatia۔ 2011۔ 2021-01-15 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  167. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Czech Republic"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  168. ↑ "Straffeloven – Bekendtgørelse af straffeloven – retsinformation.dk" (ڈینش میں). Ministry of Justice (Denmark). 2019. Retrieved 2021-04-06.
  169. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Denmark"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  170. ↑ "Report: cartoon paedophilia harmless"۔ CPH Post۔ 23 جولائی 2012۔ 2014-01-18 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-06
  171. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Estonia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  172. ↑ Andres Einmann (20 اکتوبر 2017). "Kaur Kender won the final victory in the accusation of creating child pornography". Postimees (استونیائی میں). Archived from the original on 2017-10-23. Retrieved 2021-04-06.
  173. ^ ا ب "Chapter 17, sections 18 and 19." (PDF)۔ The Criminal Code of Finland۔ Ministry of Justice (Finland)۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  174. ^ ا ب "Child Pornography (France)"۔ Library of Congress Law۔ Ministry of Justice (France)۔ 2020۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  175. ↑ "Fransa'dan Çocuk Pornosu ve Terörizme Dijital Sansür". bilgicagi.com (ترکی میں). 9 فروری 2015. Archived from the original on 2015-02-18. Retrieved 2021-04-06.
  176. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Georgia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  177. ^ ا ب "184b Verbreitung, Erwerb und Besitz kinderpornographischer Inhalte" [Section 184b Distribution, acquisition and possession of child pornographic content]. Criminal Code of Germany (جرمن میں). Federal Ministry of Justice and Consumer Protection. 2021. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  178. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children (Greece)"۔ Library of Congress Law۔ Ministry of Justice (Greece)۔ 2020۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-07
  179. ↑ "Child Pornography: Section 204" (PDF)۔ Act C of 2012 on the Criminal Code۔ Government of Hungary۔ ص 70۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  180. ↑ "HUNGARY / HONGRIE State replies / Réponses de l'Etat"۔ Lanzorote Committee۔ 2019۔ ص 33
  181. ↑ "Online child sexual exploitation (OCSE)" (PDF)۔ ECPAT Country Review: Hungary۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ ص 21
  182. ↑ "Magyarország hivatalos lapja" (PDF). Magyar Közlöny (مجارستانی میں). 2021. p. 4950.
  183. ↑ "Almenn hegningarlög" [General Penal Code (Iceland)] (آئس لینڈی میں). Althing. Retrieved 2021-03-25.
  184. ↑ "Criminal Law (Sexual Offences) Act 2017"۔ Irish Statute Book۔ Office of the Attorney General۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-07
  185. ↑ Conor Gallagher۔ "'Virtual' child abuse imagery a headache for gardaí"۔ The Irish Times۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-06
  186. ↑ "Executive Summary: Italy" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2019۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  187. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Italy"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  188. ↑ "Global Monitoring status of action against sexual exploitation of children" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2017۔ ص 54۔ 2020-04-26 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  189. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Liechtenstein"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  190. ↑ "LIECHTENSTEIN State replies / Réponses de l'Etat"۔ Lanzorote Committee۔ 2019۔ ص 38
  191. ↑ "Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania"۔ Seimas۔ 2015۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  192. ↑ "NGO Report on the implementation of the Optional Protocol (Luxembourg)" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2015۔ ص 13۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  193. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children in Luxembourg" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2018۔ ص 7۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  194. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Malta"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  195. ↑ "Chapter 9: Criminal Code" (PDF)۔ Criminal Code of Malta۔ 2015۔ ص 91۔ 2022-05-23 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2022-02-26
  196. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Moldova"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  197. ↑ "Articolul 208-1 Codul penal al Republicii Moldova* în Republica Moldova. Pornografia infantilă"۔ lege.md۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-03-20
  198. ↑ "Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women"۔ United Nations۔ 2016۔ ص 18–19۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08[مردہ ربط]
  199. ↑ "Displaying Pornographic Material to Children and Production and Possession of Child Pornography: Article 211" (PDF)۔ Criminal Code of Montenegro۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  200. ^ ا ب "Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Montenegro)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2022-07-05 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-06
  201. ↑ "Prohibition on access to child pornography"۔ Government of the Netherlands۔ 30 اپریل 2014۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  202. ↑ "1.4.1.1 The nature of the material" (PDF)۔ Child Pornography: First report of the Dutch National Rapporteur۔ Bureau of the Dutch National Rapporteur۔ 2011۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  203. ^ ا ب "Criminal Code of the Republic of North Macedonia" (PDF)۔ United Nations۔ Government of North Macedonia۔ 2017۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  204. ↑ "Section 311.Depiction of sexual abuse of children or depiction which sexualises children"۔ The Penal Code Part II. Criminal acts Chapter 26. Sexual offences۔ Lovdata۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  205. ^ ا ب "Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Poland)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2022-05-28 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-07
  206. ↑
  207. ↑ "Criminalisation of virtual "child pornography" in domestic law (Portugal)"۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021۔ 2022-07-04 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-07
  208. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children in Portugal" (PDF)۔ CIAF Portugal and ECPAT International۔ 2019۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  209. ↑ "EXECUTIVE SUMMARY" (PDF)۔ اگست 2021
  210. ↑ "COD PENAL (A) 01/04/2018 - Portal Legislativ"۔ legislatie.just.ro۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-08-25
  211. ↑ "Art. 374 - Child Pornography" (PDF)۔ Romania: National Child Protection Legislation۔ International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children۔ 2018۔ ص 9–10۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  212. ↑ "Romania 2nd Edition" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ ص 34۔ 2020-04-28 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  213. ↑ "УК РФ Статья 242.1. Изготовление и оборот материалов или предметов с порнографическими изображениями несовершеннолетних \ КонсультантПлюс"۔ www.consultant.ru۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-08-25
  214. ^ ا ب "Russia: Where keeping child porn is legal"۔ CNN۔ 2011۔ 2011-06-10 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-01-06
  215. ↑ "Sexual Exploitation of Children in the Russian Federation" (PDF)۔ Russian Alliance against CSEC & ECPAT International۔ 2018۔ ص 7۔ 2021-04-24 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-08
  216. ↑ "Lanzarote Convention"۔ Council of Europe۔ 2017۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  217. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: San Marino"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  218. ↑ "Krivični zakonik". www.paragraf.rs (سربین میں). Retrieved 2024-08-25.
  219. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Serbia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-31
  220. ↑ "Act 300/2005 Coll. of 20 May 2005 Criminal Code" (PDF)۔ www.legislationline.org۔ National Council of the Slovak Republic۔ 2006۔ ص 187–188۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  221. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Slovakia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  222. ↑ "204/2013 Z.z. - Zákon, ktorým sa mení a dopĺňa záko..." Slov-lex (sk-SK میں). Retrieved 2024-02-03.{{حوالہ ویب}}: اسلوب حوالہ: نامعلوم زبان (link)
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  224. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Slovenia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  225. ↑ "Artículo 189". Ley Orgánica 10/1995, de 23 de noviembre, del Código Penal. (ہسپانوی میں). Jefatura del Estado. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
  226. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Spain"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  227. ↑ "Los fiscales no perseguirán cómics ni manga de pornografía infantil" (ہسپانوی میں). MANUEL MARRACO. 21 جون 2015. Retrieved 2018-02-19.
  228. ↑ "Brottsbalk (1962:700)". Ministry of Justice (Sweden) (سویڈنی میں). Riksdag. 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-09.
  229. ↑ "Manga images 'not child porn': Supreme Court"۔ www.thelocal.se۔ 15 جون 2012
  230. ↑ "'Sweden's manga-child porn case is reminiscent of the Eastern bloc'"۔ www.thelocal.se۔ 2 جولائی 2012
  231. ↑ "Pornography: Art. 197"۔ Fedlex۔ Federal Assembly (Switzerland)۔ 2020۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  232. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Switzerland"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  233. ↑ "Fokus Sexuelle Übergriffe". Swiss crime prevention (جرمن میں). Retrieved 2022-02-04.
  234. ↑ "Official Translation (CRIMINAL CODE OF UKRAINE)" (PDF)۔ Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-02-03
  235. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Ukraine"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  236. ↑ "Executive Summary: Ukraine" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2016۔ ص 3۔ 2020-01-12 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  237. ↑ "The Coroners and Justice Act 2009 (Commencement No. 4, Transitional and Saving Provisions) Order 2010" (PDF)۔ legislation.gov.uk۔ The Stationery Office۔ 2010۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  238. ↑ Gareth Lightfoot (20 اکتوبر 2014)۔ "Fan of Japanese anime makes British legal history after conviction for having pictures of cartoon children"۔ Daily Mirror۔ 2014-10-21 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  239. ↑ "Photographs and Pseudo-photographs"۔ Crown Prosecution Service۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-04-09
  240. ↑ "Pope criminalizes leaks, sex abuse in first laws"۔ USA Today۔ 11 جولائی 2013۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-25
  241. ↑ "2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Antigua and Barbuda"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  242. ↑ "Sexual offenses 16A" (PDF)۔ Statute Law of the Bahamas۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27[مردہ ربط]
  243. ↑ "Barbados" (PDF)۔ United States Department of Labor۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  244. ↑ "Child pornography 13.(1)"۔ Barbados Chapter 124B۔ Parliament of Barbados۔ 2005
  245. ↑ "Protection of Children"۔ Barbados Chapter 146A۔ Parliament of Barbados۔ 1990
  246. ↑ "COMMERCIAL SEXUAL EXPLOITATION OF CHILDREN (PROHIBITION) ACT CHAPTER 108:02" (PDF)۔ agm.gov.bz۔ The Attorney General's Ministry of Belize۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2023-05-10
  247. ↑ Public Services and Procurement Canada Government of Canada (1 جولائی 2002)۔ "An Act to amend the Criminal Code and the Customs Tariff (child pornography and corrupting morals.): YX4-1993/46 - Government of Canada Publications - Canada.ca"۔ publications.gc.ca۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-02-03
  248. ↑ "R. v. Beattie (April 8, 2005)"۔ www.ontariocourts.ca۔ Ontario Courts۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2024-02-03
  249. ↑ Canadian Arrested for Importing Loli-porn Manga (4 March 2005, Anime News Network). Retrieved 23 June 2008.
  250. ↑ R v Sharpe (Supreme Court of British Columbia 13 January 1999) ("As s-s.(4) is in violation of s.2(b) of the Charter and is not justified under s.1, s-s.(4) must be and is declared void.")۔ متن
  251. ↑ R v Sharpe (Supreme Court of Canada 26 January 2001) ("The reach of the proscription is further broadened by extending it to the depiction of both real and imaginary persons.")۔ متن
  252. ↑ R v Sharpe (Supreme Court of Canada 26 January 2001) ("...materials that advocate or counsel sexual offences with children may qualify")۔ متن
  253. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح خ د ڈ "Content-related offences"۔ United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  254. ↑ L. Arias (29 اکتوبر 2013)۔ "Costa Rica toughens legislation on child pornography"۔ Tico Times۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  255. ↑ Código Penal
  256. ↑ "Cuba 2018 Human Rights Report"۔ United States Embassy in Cuba۔ 13 مارچ 2019۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  257. ↑ "Child Labor and Forced Labor Reports: Dominica"۔ Bureau of International Labor Affairs۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  258. ↑ "Dominican Republic: Executive Summary" (PDF)۔ www.state.gov۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  259. ↑ "2.2.1. Mere possession of "child pornography""۔ ECPAT International۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27[مردہ ربط]
  260. ↑ "El Salvador" (PDF)۔ United States Department of Labor۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  261. ^ ا ب "Electronic Crimes Bill 2013" (PDF)۔ nowgrenada.com۔ ص 12–13۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  262. ↑ "Submission 30 March 2017 for the Universal Periodic Review of the human rights situation in Guatemala" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  263. ↑ "Children's Legal Rights in Haiti" (PDF)۔ International Human Rights Program University of Toronto Faculty of Law۔ ص 18۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  264. ↑ "Ministère des Affaires Sociales et du Travail La Direction Générale" (PDF)۔ Republic of Haiti۔ ص 8۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  265. ↑ "10. Child pornography"۔ Convention on the Rights of the Child۔ United Nations۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  266. ↑ "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices"۔ U.S. Department of State
  267. ↑ "2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Mexico"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  268. ↑ "Federal Criminal Code Book Second Title Eight - Crimes against the Free Development of Personality Chapter II - Pornography of Persons under Eighteen Years of Age or of Persons who do not have the Capacity to Understand the Meaning of the Fact or of Persons who do not have the Capacity to Resist it"۔ mexico.justia.com۔ 2021-03-04 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-14
  269. ↑ "Nicaragua 2019 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ www.state.gov۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-26
  270. ↑ "ECPAT Country Overview: Panama" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-23
  271. ↑ "Criminal Code" (PDF)۔ www.policinglaw.info۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  272. ↑ "2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Saint Lucia"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  273. ↑ "Table 3: Legislation in T&T related to Child Pornography" (PDF)۔ Parliament of Trinidad and Tobago۔ ص 17۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-27
  274. ↑ "Sex Offenses Against Children: Findings and Recommendations Regarding Federal Penalties (as directed in the Sex Crimes Against Children Prevention Act of 1995, Section 6, Public Law 104-71)"۔ United States Sentencing Commission۔ جون 1996۔ ص 9۔ 2009-05-26 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا
  275. ↑ "Remarks of Arnold I Burns Before the Florida Law Enforcement Committee on Obscenity, Organized Crime and Child Pornography"۔ NCJ 109133۔ National Institute of Justice۔ 3 دسمبر 1987
  276. ↑ Annalee Newitz (28 مئی 2009)۔ "Manga Collection Ruled "Child Pornography" By US Court"۔ Gizmodo۔ 2015-10-21 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2015-07-03
  277. ↑ Charles P. Samenow (9 اپریل 2012). "Child Pornography and the Law: A Clinician's Guide". Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity (انگریزی میں). 19 (1–2): 16–29. DOI:10.1080/10720162.2012.660432. ISSN:1072-0162. S2CID:144573932. Retrieved 2021-03-26.
  278. ↑ AFP (17 جولائی 2007)۔ "Queensland man charged over SMS child pornography"۔ 2008-07-29 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2009-11-22
  279. ↑ "Simpsons cartoon rip-off is child porn: judge"۔ The Age۔ 8 دسمبر 2008۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2009-11-18۔ A NSW Supreme Court judge has ruled an internet cartoon in which lookalike child characters from The Simpsons engage in sexual acts is child pornography.
  280. ↑ Matt Smith (11 اگست 2011)۔ "Child porn finding revoked"۔ The Mercury۔ 2012-10-08 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2011-08-11
  281. ↑ "Micronesia 2018 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 9۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  282. ^ ا ب "ECPAT Country Overview: Fiji" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2019۔ ص 20
  283. ↑ "Fiji 2020 Human Rights Report"۔ United States Department of Justice۔ ص 17۔ 2021-10-25 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-25
  284. ↑ "UNICEF and UN Human Rights welcome Fiji's commitment to combatting child exploitation"۔ UNICEF۔ 19 مارچ 2021۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  285. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Kiribati"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-11-14
  286. ↑ "Kiribati Sessional Legislation"۔ Republic of Kiribati۔ 2017۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-11-14
  287. ↑ "2018 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Marshall Islands"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  288. ↑ "Child Protection Baseline Report Republic of Marshall Islands" (PDF)۔ UNICEF۔ ص 49۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  289. ↑ "Republic of Nauru Crimes Act 2016" (PDF)۔ Government of Nauru۔ 2020-11-29 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  290. ↑ "Executive Summary: New Zealand" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  291. ↑ "Chapter 18: Child Exploitation"۔ Penal Code of the Republic of Palau, RPPL No. 9-21 2013۔ Republic of Palau۔ 2013۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-11-14
  292. ↑ "Country Reports on Human Rights Practices"۔ U.S. Department of State
  293. ↑ "Samoa 2018 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 10۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  294. ↑ "Samoa Crimes Act of 2013" (PDF)۔ Ministry of Police۔ ص 37–40۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  295. ↑ "Solomon Islands 2018 Human Rights Report" (PDF)۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 11۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  296. ↑ "Solomon Islands" (PDF)۔ United States Department of Labor۔ 2015۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  297. ↑ "2019 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Tonga"۔ United States Department of State۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  298. ↑ "Criminalization of conducts BEYOND the OPSC (1/2)" (PDF)۔ www.itu.int۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  299. ↑ "Tuvalu" (PDF)۔ United States Department of Labor۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  300. ↑ "Vanuatu 2018 Human Rights Report"۔ United States Department of State۔ ص 11۔ 2021-05-06 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-28
  301. ^ ا ب "CODIGO PENAL DE LA NACION ARGENTINA"۔ servicios.infoleg.gob.ar
  302. ↑ "Child pornography ... drawn, is it a crime?"۔ www.saberderecho.com۔ 23 اپریل 2007۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-10
  303. ↑ "Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children in Bolivia" (PDF)۔ www.iin.oea.org۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-21
  304. ↑ "Article 9 – Offences related to child pornography"۔ Council of Europe۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-21
  305. ↑ "Code of Minors of Brazil (Article 244-A)" (پرتگالی میں). Civil House for Legal Affairs. Retrieved 2021-05-29.
  306. ↑ Redação Hypeness (8 نومبر 2017). "Capa do Nirvana é utilizada pelo Ministério Público para esclarecer o que é pedofilia". Hypeness (برازیلی پرتگالی میں). Archived from the original on 2020-02-19. Retrieved 2020-02-19.
  307. ↑ http://pfdc.pgr.mpf.mp.br/temas-de-atuacao/direitos-sexuais-e-reprodutivos/nota-tecnica-liberdade-artistica-e-protecao-de-criancas-e-adolescentes Technical Letter by Attorney of the Republic of the Federal Public Ministry
  308. ↑ Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional. "Biblioteca del Congreso Nacional | Ley Chile". www.bcn.cl/leychile (انگریزی میں). Retrieved 2021-02-02.
  309. ↑ "ormatividad sobre delitos relacionados con contenidos de explotación sexual infantil"۔ www.policia.gov.co۔ 25 جولائی 2017۔ 2021-03-27 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-10
  310. ↑ "In Colombia, technical and artificial child pornography is not a crime"۔ Caracol۔ 12 مارچ 2018۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-10
  311. ↑ "Vacío legal para delitos en internet"۔ 2014-01-04 کو اصل سے آرکائیو کیا گیا
  312. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Guyana"۔ www.state.gov۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-25
  313. ↑ "LEY Nº 3.440/08" (PDF)۔ Government of Paraguay۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-21
  314. ↑ "Law Enforcement in Argentina and Paraguay" (PDF)۔ International Labour Organization۔ 2005۔ 2021-05-25 کو اصل (PDF) سے آرکائیو کیا گیا۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-21
  315. ↑ "Peru" (PDF)۔ International Centre for Missing & Exploited Children۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-21
  316. ↑ "2020 Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: Suriname"۔ www.state.gov۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-03-21
  317. ↑ "Child Pornography/Child Abuse Images" (PDF)۔ ECPAT International۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 2021-10-25[مردہ ربط]
  318. ↑ "In this article about Japan says that some countries (including Uruguay) still didn't ban the possession of child pornography."
  319. ↑ "In this article about Japan says that some countries (including Venezuela) still didn't ban the possession of child pornography."
  320. ↑ United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. "Refworld | 2008 Findings on the Worst Forms of Child Labor - Venezuela". Refworld (انگریزی میں). Retrieved 2019-11-04.


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