فلسطی قوم

فلسطی قوم (انگریزی: Philistines) (عبرانی: פְּלִשְׁתִּים، نقحر: Pəlīštīm‎; کوئنے یونانی (ہفتادی ترجمہ): Φυλιστιείμ, رومن سازی: Phulistieím) ایک قدیم قوم تھی جو آہنی دور میں کنعان کے جنوبی ساحل پر رہتے تھے۔

بائبل کے متن پانچ فلسطی شہروں کی نشان دہی کرتے ہیں: غزہ، اشدود، اشکلون، عقرون اور گاتھ

حوالہ جات

مصادر

• G. Bonfante (1946)۔ "Who were the Philistines?"۔ American Journal of Archaeology۔ 50 (2): 251–62۔ JSTOR 499052۔ doi:10.2307/499052 
• Trude Krakauer Dothan (1982)۔ The Philistines and Their Material Culture۔ New Haven, کنیکٹیکٹ: Yale University Press۔ ISBN 0-300-02258-1 
• Trude Krakauer Dothan، Moshe Dothan (1992)۔ People of the Sea: The Search for the Philistines۔ New York: Macmillan Publishing Company۔ ISBN 0-02-532261-3 
• Trude Krakauer Dothan، Seymour Gitin، Amihai Mazar، Ephraim Stern (1998)۔ Mediterranean Peoples in Transition: Thirteenth to Early Tenth Centuries BC۔ Jerusalem, اسرائیل: Israel Exploration Society۔ ISBN 965-221-036-6 
• Robert Drews (1995)، "Four: Migrations"، The End of the Bronze Age: Changes in Warfare and the Catastrophe Ca. 1200 B.C.، Princeton University Press، صفحہ: 48–72، ISBN 978-0-69102591-9 
• Robert Drews (1998)، "Canaanites and Philistines"، Journal for the Study of the Old Testament، 23 (81): 39–61، doi:10.1177/030908929802308104 
• Carl S. Ehrlich (1996)۔ The Philistines in Transition: A History from ca. 1000-730 BC۔ Leiden, نیدرلینڈز: E.J. Brill۔ ISBN 90-04-10426-7 
• Erwin Fahlbusch، Geoffrey William Bromiley (2005)۔ The Encyclopedia of Christianity, Volume 4: P–Sh۔ Grand Rapids, مشی گن: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing۔ ISBN 0-8028-2416-1 
• Alexander Fantalkin، Assaf Yasur-Landau (2008)۔ Bene Israel: Studies in the Archaeology of Israel and the Levant During the Bronze and Iron Ages Offered in Honour of Israel Finkelstein۔ Leiden, نیدرلینڈز: Brill۔ ISBN 978-90-04-15282-3 
• Israel Finkelstein (December 2002)۔ "The Philistines in the Bible: A Late-Monarchic Perspective"۔ Journal for the Study of the Old Testament۔ 27 (2): 131–67۔ doi:10.1177/030908920202700201 
• Lester L. Grabbe (2008)۔ Israel in Transition: From Late Bronze II to Iron IIa (c. 1250–850 B.C.E.)۔ I. The Archaeology۔ New York and London: T & T Clark International۔ ISBN 978-0-567-02726-9 
• Chaim Herzog، Mordechai Gichon (2006)۔ Battles of the Bible۔ Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Greenhill Books۔ ISBN 1-85367-681-0 
• Louise Hitchcock (2011)، "All the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites': A Current Assessment of the Evidence for the Minoan Connection with the Philistines"، Proceedings of the 11th International Congress of Cretan Studies, 21–27 October 2011، صفحہ: 20 
• Marcus Jastrow (2005)۔ A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature۔ Peabody, میساچوسٹس: Hendrickson Publishers۔ ISBN 1-56563-860-3 
• A. Jones (1972)۔ "The Philistines and the Hearth: Their Journey to the Levant"۔ Journal of Near Eastern Studies۔ 31 (4): 343–350۔ doi:10.1086/372205 
• Ann E. Killebrew (2005)۔ Biblical Peoples and Ethnicity: An Archaeological Study of Egyptians, Canaanites, Philistines, and Early Israel, 1300-1100 B.C.E.۔ Atlanta, Georgia: Society of Biblical Literature۔ ISBN 1-58983-097-0 
• Thomas E. Levy (1998)۔ The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land۔ New York, New York: Continuum International Publishing Group۔ ISBN 0-8264-6996-5 
• R. A. Stewart Macalister (1911)، "The Philistines: Their History and Civilization"، Schweich Lectures on Biblical Archaeology، Oxford University Press 
• A. M. Maeir (2005)۔ "Philister-Keramik"۔ $1 میں Gabriella Frantz-Szabo، Ursula Hellwag۔ Reallexikon der Assyriologie und Vorderasiatischen Archäologie, Band 14۔ Berlin, Germany: Walter de Gruyter۔ صفحہ: 528–536 
• Aren M. Maeir (2022)۔ "Philistines and Israelites/Judahites"۔ $1 میں Kyle H. Keimer، George A. Pierce۔ The Ancient Israelite World۔ Taylor & Francis۔ صفحہ: 549–64۔ ISBN 978-1-000-77324-8 
• Nur Masalha (15 August 2018)۔ Palestine: A Four Thousand Year History۔ Zed Books, Limited۔ ISBN 978-1-78699-273-4 
• K. A. Mathews (2005)۔ Genesis 11:27-50:26۔ B&H Publishing Group۔ صفحہ: 41–۔ ISBN 978-0-8054-0141-7 
• Eric M. Meyers (1997)۔ The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East: Volume 4۔ Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press۔ ISBN 0-19-506512-3 
• Jesse Millek (2017)۔ "Sea Peoples, Philistines, and the Destruction of Cities: A Critical Examination of Destruction Layers 'Caused' by the 'Sea Peoples.'" Pages 113–40 in "Sea Peoples" Up-to-Date: New Research on the Transformations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the 13th–11th Centuries BCE. Edited by Peter M. Fischer and Teresa Brge. CCEM 35. Vienna: ײsterreichische Academie der Wissenschaften (1 ed.). Austrian Academy of Sciences Press. (1 ایڈیشن)۔ Austrian Academy of Sciences Press۔ ISBN 978-3-7001-7963-4۔ JSTOR j.ctt1v2xvsn 
• Jesse Millek (2021)۔ "Just What did They Destroy? The Sea Peoples and the End of the Late Bronze Age. In: J. Kamlah and A. Lichtenberger (eds.), The Mediterranean Sea and the Southern Levant. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag: 59-98."۔ The Mediterranean Sea and the Southern Levant 
• Nadav Naʼaman (2005)۔ Ancient Israel and Its Neighbors: Interaction and Counteraction۔ Eisenbrauns۔ صفحہ: 145–۔ ISBN 978-1-57506-108-5 
• Eliezer D. Oren (2000)۔ The Sea Peoples and Their World: A Reassessment (University Museum Monograph 108)۔ Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: The University Museum, University of Pennsylvania۔ ISBN 0-924171-80-4 
• Chaim Rabin (1963)۔ "Hittite Words in Hebrew"۔ Orientalia۔ 32: 113–139 
• Donald Bruce Redford (1992)۔ Egypt, Canaan, and Israel in Ancient Times۔ Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press۔ ISBN 0-691-03606-3 
• Susan Sherratt (1998)، مدیران: Seymour Gitin، Amichai Mazar، Ephraim Stern، ""Sea Peoples" and the economic structure of the late second millennium in the eastern Mediterranean"، Mediterranean Peoples in Transition: Essays in Honor of Trude Dothan، Israel Exploration Society، صفحہ: 292–313 
• Neil A. Silberman (1998)، مدیران: Seymour Gitin، Amichai Mazar، Ephraim Stern، "The Sea Peoples, the Victorians, and Us"، Mediterranean Peoples in Transition: Essays in Honor of Trude Dothan، Israel Exploration Society، صفحہ: 268–275 
• David Ussishkin (2008)۔ "The Date of the Philistine Settlement in the Coastal Plain: The View from Megiddo and Latish"۔ $1 میں Lester L. Grabbe۔ Israel in Transition: From late Bronze II to Iron IIa (c.1250-850 B.C.E.). Volume I. The Archaeology۔ New York: T & T Clark International۔ صفحہ: 203–216۔ ISBN 9780567027269 
• Claude Vandersleyen (1985)۔ "Le dossier egyptien des Philistins"۔ $1 میں Edward Lipiński۔ The Land of Israel: Cross-roads of Civilizations : Proceedings of the Conference Held in Brussels from the 3rd to the 5th of December 1984 to Mark the Twenty-fifth Anniversary of the Institute of Archaeology Queen Elisabeth of Belgium at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem: in Memory of Prof. Y. Yadin and Prof. Ch. Perelman۔ Peeters Publishers۔ صفحہ: 39–54۔ ISBN 978-90-6831-031-3 
• Claude Vandersleyen (2003)۔ "Keftiu: A Cautionary Note"۔ Oxford Journal of Archaeology۔ 22 (2): 209–212۔ doi:10.1111/1468-0092.t01-1-00005 
• Assaf Yasur-Landau (2010)۔ The Philistines and Aegean Migration at the End of the Late Bronze Age۔ Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press۔ ISBN 978-0-521-19162-3 

بیرونی روابط

• Corinne Mamane Museum of Philistine Culture
• National Geographic articleآرکائیو شدہ بذریعہ ngm.nationalgeographic.com
• List of Biblical References to Philistines or Philistia
• Tell es-Safi/Gath Archaeological Project Website
• Tell es-Safi/Gath Archaeological Project Blog
• Penn State University - The Sea Peoples and the Philistines (link broken)
• Neal Bierling, Giving Goliath his Due: New Archaeological Light on the Philistines (1992) آرکائیو شدہ 5 اپریل 2018 بذریعہ وے بیک مشین
•  "Philistines"۔ کیتھولک انسائکلوپیڈیا۔ 1913 
•  "Philistines"۔ دائرۃ المعارف بریطانیکا (11ویں ایڈیشن)۔ 1911ء 
• The Center for Online Judaic Studies: Ramesses III and the Philistines, 1175 BC
• Biblical Archaeology Review - Yavneh Yields Over a Hundred Philistine Cult Stands
• Neal Bierling. Giving Goliath His Due. New Archaeological Light on the Philistines آرکائیو شدہ 5 اپریل 2018 بذریعہ وے بیک مشین
• Ashkelon dig