پاک بھارت جنگ 1947
پاک بھارت جنگ 1947 یا پہلی کشمیر جنگ پاکستان اور بھارت کے درمیان میں کشمیر پر لڑی گئی پہلی جنگ ہے۔
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حوالہ جاتترميم
- ↑ Massey 2005, صفحہ. 97
- ↑ Barua 2005, صفحہ. 192
- ^ ا ب پ Bangash, Three Forgotten Accessions 2010
- ^ ا ب Khanna، K. K. (2015)، Art of Generalship، Vij Books India Pvt Ltd، صفحہ 158، ISBN 978-93-82652-93-9
- ^ ا ب پ Jamal, Shadow War 2009, صفحہ. 57.
- ↑ Robert Blackwill, James Dobbins, Michael O'Hanlon, Clare Lockhart, Nathaniel Fick, Molly Kinder, Andrew Erdmann, John Dowdy, Samina Ahmed, Anja Manuel, Meghan O'Sullivan, Nancy Birdsall, Wren Elhai, Nicholas Burns (Editor), Jonathon Price (Editor) (2011). American Interests in South Asia: Building a Grand Strategy in Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India. Aspen Institute. صفحات 155–. ISBN 978-1-61792-400-2. اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 03 نومبر 2011.
- ↑ Joshi, Kashmir, 1947-1965: A Story Retold (2008), صفحہ. 56.
- ↑ Nawaz, Crossed Swords (2008), pp. 44–45, 56–57.
- ↑ Jamal, Shadow War 2009, صفحہ. 49.
- ^ ا ب Valentine، Simon Ross (2008). Islam and the Ahmadiyya Jama'at: History, Belief, Practice. Hurst Publishers. صفحہ 204. ISBN 978-1850659167.
- ^ ا ب "Furqan Force". Persecution.org. 02 جون 2012 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ. اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 14 مارچ 2012.
- ↑ "BBC on the 1947–48 war". 30 جنوری 2015 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ. اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 جنوری 2015.
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج چ ح Dasgupta, War and Diplomacy in Kashmir 2014
- ↑ Ganguly، Sumit (31 March 2016)، Deadly Impasse، Cambridge University Press، صفحات 134–، ISBN 978-0-521-76361-5
- ↑ "An extraordinary soldier"، The Tribune – Spectrum، 21 June 2009، مورخہ 03 مارچ 2016 کو اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ، اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 13 فروری 2014
- ↑ Khanna، Meera (2015). In a State of Violent Peace: Voices from the Kashmir Valley. HarperCollins Publisher. ISBN 9789351364832.
- ↑ Cardozo، Major General Ian (2003-12-31). "1947-48 War in Jammu and Kashmir, Battle for the Valley". Param Vir: Our Heroes in Battle (بزبان انگریزی). Roli Books Private Limited. ISBN 978-93-5194-029-6.
- ↑ Chakravorty، B. (1987). Stories of Heroism (بزبان انگریزی). Historical Section, Ministry of Defence, Government of India. صفحات 18–19. ISBN 978-81-230-2594-0.
At Uri, the Jammu and Kashmir troops, under Brig. Rajendra Singh, fought bravely against the invaders, but had to retreat towards Baramula as they ran short of ammunition. The Brigadier and his soldiers perished almost to the last man, fighting gallantly against the superior force of the enemy. He and his handful of men thus held up thousands of enemy raiders for four most valuable days and were instrumental in saving the Kashmir Valley from pillage and plunder.
- ↑ Bhattacharya, What Price Freedom 2013, صفحہ. 30.
- ^ ا ب پ Nawaz, The First Kashmir War Revisited 2008
- ^ ا ب Nawaz, The First Kashmir War Revisited 2008, صفحہ. 120.
- ↑ Zaheer, The Times and Trial of the Rawalpindi Conspiracy 1998, صفحہ. 113.
- ^ ا ب Malik، V. P. (2010). Kargil from Surprise to Victory (ایڈیشن paperback). HarperCollins Publishers India. صفحہ 343. ISBN 9789350293133.
- ↑ "An incredible war: Indian Air Force in Kashmir war, 1947–48", by Bharat Kumar, Centre for Air Power Studies (New Delhi, India)
- ↑ By B. Chakravorty, "Stories of Heroism, Volume 1", p. 5
- ↑ By Sanjay Badri-Maharaj "The Armageddon Factor: Nuclear Weapons in the India-Pakistan Context", p. 18
- ^ ا ب پ Singh، Maj Gen Jagjit (2000)، With Honour & Glory: Wars fought by India 1947-1999، Lancer Publishers، صفحات 18–، ISBN 978-81-7062-109-6
- ↑ Sabir Sha (10 October 2014). "Indian military hysteria since 1947". The News International. 17 نومبر 2015 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ.
- ↑ Krishna، Ashok (1998)، India's Armed Forces: Fifty Years of War and Peace، Lancer Publishers، صفحات 160–، ISBN 978-1-897829-47-9