Carbon,  6C
General properties
AppearanceClear (diamond), black (graphite)
Carbon in the دوری جدول
Hydrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Helium (noble gas)
Lithium (alkali metal)
Beryllium (alkaline earth metal)
Boron (metalloid)
Carbon (polyatomic nonmetal)
Nitrogen (diatomic nonmetal)
Oxygen (diatomic nonmetal)
Fluorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Neon (noble gas)
Sodium (alkali metal)
Magnesium (alkaline earth metal)
Aluminium (post-transition metal)
Silicon (metalloid)
Phosphorus (polyatomic nonmetal)
Sulfur (polyatomic nonmetal)
Chlorine (diatomic nonmetal)
Argon (noble gas)
Potassium (alkali metal)
Calcium (alkaline earth metal)
Scandium (transition metal)
Titanium (transition metal)
Vanadium (transition metal)
Chromium (transition metal)
Manganese (transition metal)
Iron (transition metal)
Cobalt (transition metal)
Nickel (transition metal)
Copper (transition metal)
Zinc (transition metal)
Gallium (post-transition metal)
Germanium (metalloid)
Arsenic (metalloid)
Selenium (polyatomic nonmetal)
Bromine (diatomic nonmetal)
Krypton (noble gas)
Rubidium (alkali metal)
Strontium (alkaline earth metal)
Yttrium (transition metal)
Zirconium (transition metal)
Niobium (transition metal)
Molybdenum (transition metal)
Technetium (transition metal)
Ruthenium (transition metal)
Rhodium (transition metal)
Palladium (transition metal)
Silver (transition metal)
Cadmium (transition metal)
Indium (post-transition metal)
Tin (post-transition metal)
Antimony (metalloid)
Tellurium (metalloid)
Iodine (diatomic nonmetal)
Xenon (noble gas)
Caesium (alkali metal)
Barium (alkaline earth metal)
Lanthanum (lanthanide)
Cerium (lanthanide)
Praseodymium (lanthanide)
Neodymium (lanthanide)
Promethium (lanthanide)
Samarium (lanthanide)
Europium (lanthanide)
Gadolinium (lanthanide)
Terbium (lanthanide)
Dysprosium (lanthanide)
Holmium (lanthanide)
Erbium (lanthanide)
Thulium (lanthanide)
Ytterbium (lanthanide)
Lutetium (lanthanide)
Hafnium (transition metal)
Tantalum (transition metal)
Tungsten (transition metal)
Rhenium (transition metal)
Osmium (transition metal)
Iridium (transition metal)
Platinum (transition metal)
Gold (transition metal)
Mercury (transition metal)
Thallium (post-transition metal)
Lead (post-transition metal)
Bismuth (post-transition metal)
Polonium (post-transition metal)
Astatine (metalloid)
Radon (noble gas)
Francium (alkali metal)
Radium (alkaline earth metal)
Actinium (actinide)
Thorium (actinide)
Protactinium (actinide)
Uranium (actinide)
Neptunium (actinide)
Plutonium (actinide)
Americium (actinide)
Curium (actinide)
Berkelium (actinide)
Californium (actinide)
Einsteinium (actinide)
Fermium (actinide)
Mendelevium (actinide)
Nobelium (actinide)
Lawrencium (actinide)
Rutherfordium (transition metal)
Dubnium (transition metal)
Seaborgium (transition metal)
Bohrium (transition metal)
Hassium (transition metal)
Meitnerium (unknown chemical properties)
Darmstadtium (unknown chemical properties)
Roentgenium (unknown chemical properties)
Copernicium (transition metal)
Nihonium (unknown chemical properties)
Flerovium (unknown chemical properties)
Moscovium (unknown chemical properties)
Livermorium (unknown chemical properties)
Tennessine (unknown chemical properties)
Oganesson (unknown chemical properties)
-

C

Si
boroncarbonnitrogen
جوہری عدد (Z)6
Group, periodgroup 14 (carbon group), period 2
Blockp-block
Standard atomic weight (Ar)12.0107
برقی تشکیل1s2 2s2 2p2 or [He] 2s2 2p2
Electrons per shell
2,4
Physical properties
PhaseSolid
عمل تصعید3915 K ​(3642 °C, ​6588 °F)
کثافت near درجہ حرارت کمرہamorphous:[1] 1.8 - 2.1 g/cm3
graphite: 2.267 g/cm3
diamond: 3.515 g/cm3
نقطۂ ثلاثیہ4600 K, ​10800[2][3] kPa
سخانۂ ائتلاف117 (graphite) جول فی مول
Molar heat capacity8.517(graphite),
6.155(diamond) J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
تکسیدی عددs4, 3 [4], 2, 1 [5], 0, -1, -2, -3, -4[6]
برقی منفیتPauling scale: 2.55
تائین توانائی
(more)
Covalent radius77(sp³), 73(sp²), 69(sp) پیکومیٹر
وانڈروال رداس170 pm
Miscellanea
آواز کی رفتار thin rod18350 (diamond) m/s (at 20 °C)
حرارتی پھیلاؤ0.8 (diamond) [7] µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
حر ایصالیت119-165 (graphite)
900-2300 (diamond) W/(m·K)
مقناطیسیتdiamagnetic[8]
Young's modulus1050 (diamond) [7] GPa
Shear modulus478 (diamond) [7] GPa
Bulk modulus442 (diamond) [7] GPa
Poisson ratio0.1 (diamond) [7]
موس پیمانہ1-2 (Graphite)
10 (Diamond)
کیمیائی شعبۂ اخلاص اندراجی عدد7440-44-0
Main isotopes of carbon
ہم جا Abun­dance ہاف لائف (t1/2) اشعاعی تنزل Pro­duct

15

12C 98.9% 6 تعدیلوں کیساتھ C مستحکم ہے
13C 1.1% 7 تعدیلوں کیساتھ C مستحکم ہے
14C trace 5730 y بیٹا تنزل 0.156 14N
| references | in Wikidata

References

  1. Chemical Rubber Company Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 59th Edition, CRC Press, Inc, 1979
  2. Haaland, D (1976)۔ "Graphite-liquid-vapor triple point pressure and the density of liquid carbon☆☆☆"۔ Carbon۔ 14: 357۔ doi:10.1016/0008-6223(76)90010-5 
  3. Savvatimskiy, A (2005)۔ "Measurements of the melting point of graphite and the properties of liquid carbon (a review for 1963–2003)"۔ Carbon۔ 43: 1115۔ doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2004.12.027 
  4. "Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the System of CP" (PDF)۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 06 دسمبر 2007 
  5. "Fourier Transform Spectroscopy of the Electronic Transition of the Jet-Cooled CCI Free Radical" (PDF)۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 06 دسمبر 2007 
  6. "Carbon: Binary compounds"۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 06 دسمبر 2007 
  7. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ http://www.ioffe.ru/SVA/NSM/Semicond/Diamond
  8. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Handbook of Chemistry and Physics 81th edition, CRC press.