ویکیپیڈیا

تاج نوآبادی

(کراؤن کالونی سے رجوع مکرر)

تاج نوآبادی یا کراؤن کالونی (Crown colony) جسے سترہویں صدی سے قبل شاہی نوآبادی (Royal colony) کہا جاتا تھا، جسے 2002ء کے بعد سے برطانوی سمندر پار علاقہ کہا جاتا ہے، سلطنت برطانیہ کے بیرون ملک علاقوں کی نوآبادیاتی انتظامیہ کی ایک قسم تھی۔

فہرست ترمیم

نوآبادی کا نام از تا حیثیت کی تبدیلی کی وجہ
  عدن 1937 1967 جنوب عربی اتحاد
  بہاماس 1718 1973 دولت مشترکہ قلمرو
  باسوٹولینڈ 1884 1964 [1]
  برمودا 1684 1981 [2]
  British Bechuanaland 1885 1895 [3]
  برطانوی گیانا 1831 1966 [4]
  British Honduras (renamed Belize in 1964) 1884 1981 B[5]
  Burma 1937 1948 [6]
  United Province of Canada 1841 1867 [7]
  Cape Colony 1806 1910 [8]
  جزائر کیمین 1962 1981 [2]
  برطانوی سیلون 1815 1948 [9]
  British Columbia 1866 1871 [10]
  Cyprus 1914 1960 [11]
  East Florida 1763 1783 [12]
  جزائر فاکلینڈ 1841 1981 [13]
  Gambia Colony and Protectorate 1888 1965 [14]
  Georgia 1755 1776 [15]
  جبل الطارق 1713 1981 [16]
  گولڈ کوسٹ (برطانوی نوآبادی) 1821 1957 [17]
  برطانوی ہانگ کانگ 1841 1981 [18][19]
  کالونی آف جمیکا 1865 1962 [20]
  کینیا کالونی 1920 1963 [21]
  Labuan 1846 1890 [22]
1906 1946 [23]
1946 1963 [24][25]
  Lower Canada 1791 1841 [26]
  Malacca 1946 1957 [27]
  Malta 1813 1964 [28]
  Massachusetts Bay 1692 1776 [29]
  Mauritius 1903 1968 [30]
  Natal 1843 1910 [8]
  Newfoundland 1583 1907 [31]
  New Hampshire 1692 1776 [15]
  New Jersey 1702 1776 [15]
  نیو ساؤتھ ویلز 1788 1901 [32]
  New York 1691 1776 [15]
  New Zealand 1841 1907 [33]
  Nigeria 1914 1960 [34]
  جزیرہ نورفک 1788 1914 [35]
  North Borneo 1946 1963 [36][25]
  North Carolina 1729 1776 [15]
  Penang 1946 1957 [27]
  Quebec 1763 1791 [37]
  کوئنزلینڈ 1824 1901 [32]
  Saint Christopher and Nevis 1980 1981 [2]
  Sarawak 1946 1963 [38][25]
  Seychelles 1903 1976 [39]
  Sierra Leone 1808 1961 [40]
  جنوبی آسٹریلیا 1834 1901 [32]
  South Carolina 1729 1776 [15]
  Southern Rhodesia 1923 1965 [41]
  Singapore 1946 1963 [42][43]
1946 1946 [44][25]
1946 1955 [45][46]
1946 1957 [47][48]
  مستعمرات آبنائے 1786 1946 [49][50] [51][25]
1826 1946 [52][53]
1826 1946 [54][50] [51][25]
1857 1946 [55][53]
1874 1937 [56][50] [51][25]
1888 1946 [[57][53]
1906 1946 [58][53]
  Tasmania 1803 1901 [59]
  Upper Canada 1791 1841 [26]
  Vancouver Island 1848 1866 [60]
  وکٹوریہ (آسٹریلیا) 1851 1901 [32]
  Virginia 1624 1776 [15]
  مغربی آسٹریلیا 1829 1901 [61]
  West Florida 1763 1783 [12]

حوالہ جات ترمیم

  • Edward Jenks (1918)۔ The Government of the British Empire۔ Little, Brown, and Company * James Olson (1996)۔ Historical Dictionary of the British Empire۔ Greenwood Publishing Group۔ ISBN 0-313-29366-X * Andrew Porter (1998)۔ The Nineteenth Century, The Oxford History of the British Empire Volume III۔ Oxford University Press۔ ISBN 0-19-924678-5 * Hume Wrong (1923)۔ "The Old Representative System: The Change To Crown Colony Government"۔ Government of the West Indies۔ England: اوکسفرڈ یونیورسٹی پریس۔ صفحہ: 71۔ ISBN 1-113-74149-X۔ 25 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 30 مارچ 2010۔ The phrase 'Crown Colony Government' is used with various meanings. In the broadest, and perhaps most correct, sense it is applied to all the colonies in which the Crown retains the real control of the executive (i.e. to all the West Indian colonies). By both official and common usage, however, it is often narrowed as to exclude colonies with elected Assemblies, though without a responsible executive. 
  1. ↑ Became British protectorate in 1964; then became independent as لیسوتھو in 1966.
  2. ^ ا ب پ Became British Dependent Territory in 1981.
  3. ↑ Became part of British Cape Colony in 1895.
  4. ↑ Became independent as گیانا (دولت مشترکہ قلمرو) in 1966.
  5. ↑ ecame independent (as بیلیز) in 1981.
  6. ↑ Separated from British India in 1937 and became a Crown colony.
  7. ↑ Became part of the کینیڈا in 1867.
  8. ^ ا ب Became part of the اتحاد جنوبی افریقا in 1910.
  9. ↑ Became independent as ڈومنین سیلون in 1948.
  10. ↑ Became part of the کینیڈا in 1871.
  11. ↑ Became independent as قبرص in 1960.
  12. ^ ا ب Ceded to Spain. Later became part of the United States.
  13. ↑ Became a برطانوی سمندر پار علاقے in 1981.
  14. ↑ Became independent as گیمبیا (دولت مشترکہ قلمرو) in 1965.
  15. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج Became part of the United States of America in 1776.
  16. ↑ Became برطانوی سمندر پار علاقے in 1981.
  17. ↑ Became independent in 1957 as گھانا (دولت مشترکہ قلمرو).
  18. ↑ Became British Dependent Territory in 1981. Became a self-governing special administrative region when sovereignty transferred to China in 1997.
  19. ↑ The ending of the British sovereignty and jurisdiction over Hong Kong, See: Acts of Parliament of the مملکت متحدہ – Hong Kong Act 1985 .
  20. ↑ Became independent in 1962 as جمیکا.
  21. ↑ United with the Kenya Protectorate in 1963 to form the independent country of کینیا (دولت مشترکہ قلمرو).
  22. ↑ Administered by British North Borneo Company from 1890–1904.
  23. ↑ Incorporated in the مستعمرات آبنائے on 30 October 1906.
  24. ↑ Incorporated in North Borneo on 15 July 1946. Became part of ملائیشیا in 1963.
  25. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج See: Malaysia Act 1963
  26. ^ ا ب Became part of Province of Canada in 1841.
  27. ^ ا ب Became part of وفاق ملایا in 1957.
  28. ↑ Became independent in 1964 as the ریاست مالٹا.
  29. ↑ Became part of the United States of America in 1776 as the state of میساچوسٹس.
  30. ↑ Became independent as موریشس (دولت مشترکہ قلمرو) in 1968.
  31. ↑ Became the Dominion of Newfoundland in 1907, and later joined the کینیڈا in 1949.
  32. ^ ا ب پ ت Became part of the آسٹریلیا in 1901.
  33. ↑ Became the ڈومینین نیوزی لینڈ in 1907.
  34. ↑ Became independent as Nigeria in 1960.
  35. ↑ Placed under administration of آسٹریلیا in 1914 as a non-self governing territory. The island was self-governing between 1979 and 2015.
  36. ↑ Became part of ملائیشیا in 1963 as صباح. لابوان separated from Sabah in 1984 to become a وفاقی علاقہ جات (ملائیشیا).
  37. ↑ Divided between Upper and Lower Canada and the Northwest Territory.
  38. ↑ Became part of ملائیشیا in 1963.
  39. ↑ Separated from British Mauritius in 1903 and became a Crown Colony and became independent in 1976.
  40. ↑ Became independent as Sierra Leone in 1961.
  41. ↑ Declared independence in 1965 as روڈیسیا, which became Zimbabwe Rhodesia, independence recognized by Britain in 1980 as زمبابوے.
  42. ↑ Singapore became part of ملائیشیا in 1963;
  43. ↑ See: the Independence of Singapore Agreement 1965 and the Acts of Parliament of the مملکت متحدہ – Singapore Act 1966.
  44. ↑ Labuan was incorporated into شمالی بورنیو on 15 July 1946, which became part of ملائیشیا in 1963.
  45. ↑ جزائر کوکوس was transferred to آسٹریلیا in 1955.
  46. ↑ Cocos (Keeling) Islands Act 1955.
  47. ↑ جزیرہ کرسمس was transferred to آسٹریلیا in 1957.
  48. ↑ Christmas Island (Request and Consent) Act 1957 (NO. 102, 1957).
  49. ↑ Penang became a separate Crown colony within the اتحاد ملایا in 1946, which was re-organised as the وفاق ملایا in 1948 and became independent in 1957;
  50. ^ ا ب پ See: Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957
  51. ^ ا ب پ later became part of ملائیشیا in 1963.
  52. ↑ Singapore became a separate Crown colony in 1946, after the Straits Settlements was dissolved.
  53. ^ ا ب پ ت "The Straits Settlements is dissolved"۔ 25 دسمبر 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ August 29, 2015 
  54. ↑ Malacca became a separate Crown colony within the اتحاد ملایا in 1946, which re-organised as the وفاق ملایا in 1948 and became independent in 1957;
  55. ↑ جزائر کوکوس became part of the Colony of Singapore in 1946.
  56. ↑ Dinding (now مانجونگ ضلع) became part of the وفاقی مالے ریاستیں in 1937, which later became part of the Malayan Union in 1946; the Malayan Union became the Federation of Malaya in 1948 and became independent in 1957;
  57. ↑ [جزیرہ کرسمس]] became part of the Colony of Singapore in 1946.
  58. ↑ Labuan became part of the Colony of Singapore in 1946.
  59. ↑ Van Diemen's Land from 1803 to 1856; Formerly part of نیو ساؤتھ ویلز from 1803 to 1825, when made an independent colony. Became part of the آسٹریلیا in 1901.
  60. ↑ Merged with the Colony of British Columbia in 1866.
  61. ↑ Swan River Colony from 1829 to 1832. Became part of the آسٹریلیا in 1901.
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