قاجار خاندان

دولت علیہ ایران
Sublime State of Persia
دولت علیہ ایران; Sublime State of Persia دولت علیّه ایران; Dowlat-e Elliye ye Irān
	1785–1925
	ترانہ:
	انیسویں صدی میں فارس قاجار خاندان کے تحت
حیثیت	سلطنت
دار الحکومت	تہران
عمومی زبانیں	فارسی (عدالت ادب، انتظامی، ثقافتی، سرکاری),; ترکی (عدالت زبان اور مادری زبان)
حکومت	مطلق شہنشاہیت (1785–1906); آئینی بادشاہت (1906–1925)
شاہ, مرزا
• 1794–1797	محمد خان قاجار (اول)
• 1909–1925	احمد شاہ قاجار (آخر)
وزیر اعظم
• 1906	مرزا نصر اللہ خان (اول)
• 1923–1925	رضا شاہ پہلوی (آخر)
تاریخ
•	1785
• معاہدہ گلستان	1813
• معاہدہ ترکمناچی	1828
• معاہدہ پریس	1857
• معاہدہ اخال	1881
•	1925
کرنسی	تومان
ماقبل	مابعد
	زند خاندان
	افشار خاندان
	درانی سلطنت
پہلوی خاندان
سلطنت روس
امارت افغانستان
موجودہ حصہ	ممالک آج آرمینیا; آذربائیجان; بحرین; جارجیا; ایران; عراق; روس; ترکمانستان; ترکیہ; پاکستان; افغانستان ;

قاجار خاندان (Qajar dynasty) (قاجار (معاونت·معلومات)) (فارسی: دودمان قاجار) ایک ترک النسل ^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8] ایرانی شاہی خاندان تھا، جس نے 1785ء سے 1925ء تک فارس (ایران) پر حکومت کی۔ ^[9]^[10] قاجار خاندان نے 1794ء میں زند خاندان کے آخری حکمران لطف علی خان زند کو شکست دے کر فارس کا مکمل کنٹرول حاصل کر لیا اور قفقاز اور وسطی ایشیاء کے بڑے حصوں پر فارسی خود مختاری دوبارہ قائم کی۔ 1796ء میں محمد خان قاجار نے آسانی کے ساتھ مشہد پر قبضہ کر لیا جو اس وقت درانی سلطنت کے تحت تھا۔ ^[11]

شاہان فارس، 1794–1925

نام		خطاب	پیدائش-وفات	آغاز دور	اختتام دور
1	محمد خان قاجار	شہنشاہ	1742–1797	20 مارچ 1794	17 جون 1797
2	فتح علی شاہ قاجار	شہنشاہ	1772–1834	17 جون 1797	23 اکتوبر 1834
3	محمد شاہ قاجار	شاہ	1808–1848	23 اکتوبر 1834	5 ستمبر 1848
4	ناصر الدین شاہ قاجار	شہنشاہ	1831–1896	5 ستمبر 1848	1 مئی 1896
5	مظفر الدین شاہ قاجار	شہنشاہ اور سلطان	1853–1907	1 مئی 1896	3 جنوری 1907
6	محمد علی شاہ قاجار	شہنشاہ	1872–1925	3 جنوری 1907	16 جولائی 1909
7	احمد شاہ قاجار	سلطان	1898–1930	16 جولائی 1909	15 دسمبر 1925

حوالہ جات

↑ Homa Katouzian, "State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis", Published by I.B.Tauris, 2006. pg 327: "In post-Islamic times, the mother-tongue of Iran's rulers was often Turkic, but Persian was almost invariably the cultural and administrative language"
↑ Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. pg 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. At the same time, the official language was Persian, the court literature was in Persian, and most of the chancellors, ministers, and mandarins were Persian speakers of the highest learning and ability"
↑ Turkic-Iranian Contacts, John R. Perry, Encyclopaedia Iranica, (August 15, 2006);"Turkic was also the mother tongue and, to an extent, the court language of the subsequent Afsharid and Qajar dynasties".[1]
↑ "Genealogy and History of Qajar (Kadjar) Rulers and Heads of the Imperial Kadjar House"۔ 29 جولا‎ئی 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 29 مئی 2014
↑ Cyrus Ghani. Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power, I.B. Tauris, 2000, ISBN 1-86064-629-8, p. 1
↑ William Bayne Fisher. Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 344, ISBN 0-521-20094-6
↑ Dr Parviz Kambin, A History of the Iranian Plateau: Rise and Fall of an Empire, Universe, 2011, p.36, online edition.
↑ Jamie Stokes, Anthony Gorman, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 2010, p.707, Online Edition, The Safavid and Qajar dynasties, rulers in Iran from 1501 to 1722 and from 1795 to 1925 respectively, were Turkic in origin.
↑ Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2–3; "In the 126 years between the fall of the Safavid state in 1722 and the accession of Nasir al-Din Shah, the Qajars evolved from a shepherd-warrior tribe with strongholds in northern Iran into a Persian dynasty.."
↑ Choueiri, Youssef M., A companion to the history of the Middle East, (Blackwell Ltd., 2005), 231,516.
↑ H. Scheel، Gerhard Jaschke، H. Braun، Bertold Spuler، T Koszinowski، Frank Bagley (1981)۔ Muslim World۔ Brill Archive۔ صفحہ: 65, 370۔ ISBN 978-90-04-06196-5۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 28 ستمبر 2012

[1] Homa Katouzian, "State and Society in Iran: The Eclipse of the Qajars and the Emergence of the Pahlavis", Published by I.B.Tauris, 2006. pg 327: "In post-Islamic times, the mother-tongue of Iran's rulers was often Turkic, but Persian was almost invariably the cultural and administrative language"

[2] Homa Katouzian, "Iranian history and politics", Published by Routledge, 2003. pg 128: "Indeed, since the formation of the Ghaznavids state in the tenth century until the fall of Qajars at the beginning of the twentieth century, most parts of the Iranian cultural regions were ruled by Turkic-speaking dynasties most of the time. At the same time, the official language was Persian, the court literature was in Persian, and most of the chancellors, ministers, and mandarins were Persian speakers of the highest learning and ability"

[3] Turkic-Iranian Contacts, John R. Perry, Encyclopaedia Iranica, (August 15, 2006);"Turkic was also the mother tongue and, to an extent, the court language of the subsequent Afsharid and Qajar dynasties".[1]

[kadjarfamily.org-4] "Genealogy and History of Qajar (Kadjar) Rulers and Heads of the Imperial Kadjar House"۔ 29 جولا‎ئی 2018 میں اصل سے آرکائیو شدہ۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 29 مئی 2014

[ghani1-5] Cyrus Ghani. Iran and the Rise of the Reza Shah: From Qajar Collapse to Pahlavi Power, I.B. Tauris, 2000, ISBN 1-86064-629-8, p. 1

[William_Bayne_Fisher_1993,_p._344-6] William Bayne Fisher. Cambridge History of Iran, Cambridge University Press, 1993, p. 344, ISBN 0-521-20094-6

[online_edition-7] Dr Parviz Kambin, A History of the Iranian Plateau: Rise and Fall of an Empire, Universe, 2011, p.36, online edition.

[8] Jamie Stokes, Anthony Gorman, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East, 2010, p.707, Online Edition, The Safavid and Qajar dynasties, rulers in Iran from 1501 to 1722 and from 1795 to 1925 respectively, were Turkic in origin.

[autogenerated1-9] Abbas Amanat, The Pivot of the Universe: Nasir Al-Din Shah Qajar and the Iranian Monarchy, 1831–1896, I.B.Tauris, pp 2–3; "In the 126 years between the fall of the Safavid state in 1722 and the accession of Nasir al-Din Shah, the Qajars evolved from a shepherd-warrior tribe with strongholds in northern Iran into a Persian dynasty.."

[10] Choueiri, Youssef M., A companion to the history of the Middle East, (Blackwell Ltd., 2005), 231,516.

[11] H. Scheel، Gerhard Jaschke، H. Braun، Bertold Spuler، T Koszinowski، Frank Bagley (1981)۔ Muslim World۔ Brill Archive۔ صفحہ: 65, 370۔ ISBN 978-90-04-06196-5۔ اخذ شدہ بتاریخ 28 ستمبر 2012

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