معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے جاپانی

حروف صامت
عالمی صوتی ابجدیہ	مثال		اردو قریبی
عالمی صوتی ابجدیہ	کانا	رومی سازی	اردو قریبی
b	ばしょ, かびん, ヴァージョン	basho, kabin, vājon	bug
bʲ	びょうき	byōki	beauty
ç	ひと, ひょう	hito, hyō	hue
ɕ	した, いっしょう	shita, isshō	sheep
d	どうも, どうどう	dōmo, dōdō	doctor
dz^[1]	ずっと, ぜんぜん, キッズ	zutto, zenzen, kizzu^[2]	cards
dʑ^[1]	じぶん, じょじょ, エッジ	jibun, jojo, ejji^[2]	jeep
ɸ	ふじ	fuji	roughly like phew!
ɡ^[3]	がっこう, りんご, ぎんこう	gakkō, ringo, ginkō	goat
ɡʲ	きぎょう	kigyō	argue
h	ほん, はは	hon, haha	hat
j	やくしゃ, ゆず	yakusha, yuzu	yacht
k	くる, はっき	kuru, hakki	skate
kʲ	きょうかい, けっきょく	kyōkai, kekkyoku	skew
m	みかん, せんぱい, もんもん	mikan, senpai, monmon	much
mʲ	みゃく	myaku	mute
n	なっとう, かんたん	nattō, kantan	not
ɲ	にわ, こんにゃく, きんちょう	niwa, konnyaku, kinchō	canyon
ŋ^[3]	りんご, なんきょく	ringo, nankyoku	pink
ɴ	にほん	nihon	roughly like long
p	パン, たんぽぽ	pan, tanpopo	span
pʲ	はっぴょう	happyō	spew
ɾ	ろく, そら	roku, sora	American better
ɾʲ	りょうり	ryōri	American party
s	する, さっそう	suru, sassō	soup
t	たべる, とって	taberu, totte	stop
tɕ	ちかい, けっちゃく	chikai, ketchaku^[2]	itchy
ts	つなみ, いっつい	tsunami, ittsui^[2]	cats
ɰ^[4]	わさび	wasabi	roughly like was
ɰ̃^[5]	ふんいき, でんわ, あんしん	fun'iki, denwa, anshin	sin
z^[1]	あざ, つづく	aza, tsuzuku	zoo
ʑ^[1]	みじかい, じょじょ	mijikai, jojo	vision
ʔ	あつっ！	atsu'!	uh-oh

حروف علت
عالمی صوتی ابجدیہ	مثال		اردو قریبی
عالمی صوتی ابجدیہ	کانا جاپانی رومی سازی		اردو قریبی
a	ある	aru	father
e	えき	eki	bet
i	いる	iru	meet
Error using {{IPA symbol}}: "i̥" not found in list^[6]	した	shita	whispered meet
o	おに	oni	story
ɯ^[7]	うなぎ	unagi	shoot
Error using {{IPA symbol}}: "ɯ̥" not found in list^[6]	すきやき	sukiyaki	whispered shoot

Suprasegmentals
عالمی صوتی ابجدیہ	تفصیل	مثال	اردو قریبی
ː	Long vowel	hyōmei, ojiisan	re-equalize
ꜜ	Pitch drop^[8]	[kaꜜki] (牡蠣, 'oyster'), [kakiꜜ] (垣, 'fence')	/ˈmæri/ (marry), /məˈriː/ (Marie)
.	Syllabification	nin'i [ɲiɰ̃.i]	higher /ˈhaɪ.ər/

حواشیترميم

^ ^ا ^ب ^پ ^ت Voiced fricatives [[[:سانچہ:IPAplink]], سانچہ:IPAplink] are generally pronounced as affricates [[[:سانچہ:IPAplink]], سانچہ:IPAplink] in word-initial positions and after the moraic nasal /N/ ([n] before [dz] and [ɲ] before [dʑ]) or the sokuon /Q/ (spelled ッ, only in loanwords). Actual realizations of these sounds vary (see Yotsugana).
^ ^ا ^ب ^پ ^ت When an affricate consonant is geminated, only the closure component of it is repeated: [kiddzɯ], [eddʑi], [ittsɯi], [kettɕakɯ].
^ ^ا ^ب A declining number of speakers pronounce word-medial /ɡ/ as [ŋ] )[[#{{{REF}}}|]](, but /ɡ/ is always represented by [ɡ] in this system.
↑ [ɰ], romanized w, is the consonant equivalent of the vowel [ɯ], which is pronounced with varying degrees of rounding, depending on dialect.
↑ The syllable-final n (moraic nasal) is pronounced as some kind of nasalized vowel before a vowel, semivowel ([j, ɰ]) or fricative ([ɸ, s, ɕ, ç, h]). [ɰ̃] is a conventional notation undefined for the exact place of articulation.
^ ^ا ^ب Close vowels [i, ɯ] become voiceless [i̥, ɯ̥] when short and surrounded by voiceless consonants within a word. When the second consonant is [ɸ], [ç] or [h], or when both consonants are fricatives (including the second component of an affricate), devoicing is much less likely to occur )[[#{{{REF}}}|]](, so vowels in such environments are not transcribed as voiceless (nor are word-final or non-close vowels, whose devoicing is also less consistent). Where close vowels that would be devoiced according to the above rules occur in succession, however, usually whichever is accented or, if neither is, the second remains voiced )[[#{{{REF}}}|]](, so transcribe them accordingly: [kɯꜜɕi̥kɯmo, tsɯ̥kɯɕi]. These rules may be overridden by citing a reliable source that marks devoicing, such as NHK (2016) or Kindaichi & Akinaga (2014), if the word being transcribed appears in it.
↑ [ɯ], romanized u, exhibits varying degrees of rounding depending on dialect. In Tokyo dialect, it is either unrounded or compressed [[[Error using {{IPAsym}}: IPA symbol "ɯᵝ" not found in list|ɯᵝ]]], meaning the sides of the lips are held together without horizontal protrusion, unlike protruded [u].
↑ A pitch drop may occur only once per word and does not occur in all words. The mora before a pitch drop has a high pitch. When it occurs at the end of a word, the following grammatical particle has a low pitch.

[yotsugana-1] ا ^ب ^پ ^ت Voiced fricatives [[[:سانچہ:IPAplink]], سانچہ:IPAplink] are generally pronounced as affricates [[[:سانچہ:IPAplink]], سانچہ:IPAplink] in word-initial positions and after the moraic nasal /N/ ([n] before [dz] and [ɲ] before [dʑ]) or the sokuon /Q/ (spelled ッ, only in loanwords). Actual realizations of these sounds vary (see Yotsugana).

[gemination-2] ا ^ب ^پ ^ت When an affricate consonant is geminated, only the closure component of it is repeated: [kiddzɯ], [eddʑi], [ittsɯi], [kettɕakɯ].

[g-3] ا ^ب A declining number of speakers pronounce word-medial /ɡ/ as [ŋ] )[[#{{{REF}}}|]](, but /ɡ/ is always represented by [ɡ] in this system.

[4] [ɰ], romanized w, is the consonant equivalent of the vowel [ɯ], which is pronounced with varying degrees of rounding, depending on dialect.

[5] The syllable-final n (moraic nasal) is pronounced as some kind of nasalized vowel before a vowel, semivowel ([j, ɰ]) or fricative ([ɸ, s, ɕ, ç, h]). [ɰ̃] is a conventional notation undefined for the exact place of articulation.

[devoicing-6] ا ^ب Close vowels [i, ɯ] become voiceless [i̥, ɯ̥] when short and surrounded by voiceless consonants within a word. When the second consonant is [ɸ], [ç] or [h], or when both consonants are fricatives (including the second component of an affricate), devoicing is much less likely to occur )[[#{{{REF}}}|]](, so vowels in such environments are not transcribed as voiceless (nor are word-final or non-close vowels, whose devoicing is also less consistent). Where close vowels that would be devoiced according to the above rules occur in succession, however, usually whichever is accented or, if neither is, the second remains voiced )[[#{{{REF}}}|]](, so transcribe them accordingly: [kɯꜜɕi̥kɯmo, tsɯ̥kɯɕi]. These rules may be overridden by citing a reliable source that marks devoicing, such as NHK (2016) or Kindaichi & Akinaga (2014), if the word being transcribed appears in it.

[7] [ɯ], romanized u, exhibits varying degrees of rounding depending on dialect. In Tokyo dialect, it is either unrounded or compressed [[[Error using {{IPAsym}}: IPA symbol "ɯᵝ" not found in list|ɯᵝ]]], meaning the sides of the lips are held together without horizontal protrusion, unlike protruded [u].

[8] A pitch drop may occur only once per word and does not occur in all words. The mora before a pitch drop has a high pitch. When it occurs at the end of a word, the following grammatical particle has a low pitch.

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