The charts below show the way in which the بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد represents آستوریائی زبان, Extremaduran and Mirandese, Asturian, Leonese, pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

معاونت:با ابجدیہ حرف صحیحs
آستوریاس کا پرچمA

Bandera de León

L

سانچہ:Country data لیون
L
اکستریمادورا کا پرچم
E
میراندا دو دوئورو کا پرچم
 M 
Examples English approximation
[[|b]] [[|b]] bota, vida / bida best
[[|ɸ]] [[|ː]] abdicar Japanese f (A)
[[|β]] [[|β]] [[|β]] la vida / la bida, cabra between baby and bevy
[[|ɸ]][[|ː]] las vidas / las bidas between baby and bevy (A, M), Japanese f (E)
[[|d]] de, onda date
[[|ð]] [[|ð]] [[|ð]] sedo, padre other
[[|θ]][[|ː]] desde thing
[[|f]] [[|ɸ]] [[|f]] fueu face (A, M), Japanese f (E)
[[|h]] fierro / hierro / fiêrro face, hot
[[|ʰ]] nafta face, hot
silent, face
[[|ɡ]] [[|ɡ]] gata, anguila got
[[|x]] [[|ŋ]] digno, ac German Bach (A), sing (E), got (M)
[[|ɣ]] [[|ɣ]] [[|ɣ]] agora, águila between ago and ahold
[[|x]][[|ː]] (d)esgracia / desgraça between ago and ahold (A, M), German Bach (E)
[[|ʝ]] [[|h]] [[|ʎ]] muyer / mujer / mulhier beyond, hope, million
[[|ʝ]] [[|j]] oye / oyi beyond
[[|ɟʝ]][1] [[|dʒ]][1] [[|ʒ]] cónyuxe / cónyuji / cónjuge injure, rouge
[[|k]] cun, que, cual / qual scan
[[|l]] salir, alto lip
[[|l̩]] l[2] bottle
[[|ʎ]] [[|ʎ]] llingua / lhéngua million
[[|ʎ]] [3] million
[[|m]] mes, amar mother
[[|n]] naide, sana need
[[|ŋ]] pinga, en, álbum / álbun [4] sing
[[|ɲ]] añus / anhos canyon
[[|p]] pero spouse
[[|r]] rato, carro rolled r
[[|ɾ]] [[|ɾ]] [[|ɾ]] trato, caro, alto (E) US ladder
[[|ʳ]] mar are
[[|s]] [[|s]] [[|s̺]] sol, pasu / passo sack
[[|ʰ]] estar / estal / star bus, cat, stark
[[|ð]] [[|z̺]] casa / cada sack, other, zebra
[[|z]] [[|ʱ]] esmeráu / smerado quiz, cat
[[|t]] tolos, ocho / oito stand
[[|tʃ]][1] chano, ocho / oito chop
[[|v]] [[|ʱ]] [[|v]] afgano of, cat
[[|θ]] [[|ː]] [[|d]] admira, ritmo thing (A), date (M)
[[|θ]] [[|s̻]] cielos thing, sack
[[|ʰ]] paz / paç thing, cat, bus
[[|ð]] [[|z̻]] decir / idel / dezir thing, other, zebra
[[|ð]] [[|ʱ]] paz / paç de la tierra smooth, cat, quiz
[[|ʃ]] [[|s]] [[|ʃ]] xorda / sorda shop, sack
[[|h]] caxa / caja shop, hope
[[|ʒ]] axunto / ajunto, orixe / ourige shop, hope, rouge
[[|ʒ]] [[|ʱ]] rouge, cat
معاونت:با ابجدیہ Dialectal consonants
[[|h]] ierro ham
[[|ɟʝ]][1] yyegar (ll, ch), muyyer (ll, ) injure
[[|ɖ]] ḷḷingua, patsuezu
(in some local orthographies)[5]
guard
[[|ɖʐ]][1] gin
[[|ʈʂ]][1] chin
[[|ts]][1] otso (ocho / oito) pizza
معاونت:با ابجدیہ مصوتs
آستوریاس کا پرچمA

Bandera de León

L

اکستریمادورا کا پرچم
E
میراندا دو دوئورو کا پرچم
 M 
Examples English approximation
[[|a]] [[|a]] cacho, pá father
[[|ɐ]] cachico tub
[[|e]] [[|e]] senu / seno, pie / piê pay
[[|ɛ]] bezu / beç, sé bet
[[|ɨ]] cebada roses
[[|i]] chícharo see
[[|o]] [[|o]] puerta / puôrta cold
[[|ɔ]] home, abó thought
[[|ʊ]] costiella / costiêlha influence
[[|u]] pruma food
معاونت:با ابجدیہ Final reduced vowels[6]
[[|a]] [[|ɐ]]
[[|ɪ]] [[|ɨ]]
[[|ʊ]]
معاونت:با ابجدیہ Dialectal vowels
[[|ɛ]]
[[|ɔ]]
 
معاونت:با ابجدیہ Semivowels[7]
آستوریاس کا پرچمA

Bandera de León

L

اکستریمادورا کا پرچم
E
میراندا دو دوئورو کا پرچم
M
Examples English approximation
[[|j]] fierro / fiêrro you / boy
[[|w]] puerta / puôrta wine / cow
 
معاونت:با ابجدیہ بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد
آستوریاس کا پرچمA

Bandera de León

L

اکستریمادورا کا پرچم
E
میراندا دو دوئورو کا پرچم
M
Examples Explanation
[[|ˈ]]
[[|ˌ]]
[[|.]]
[[|ː]] [[|ː]] [[|ː]] ? gemination
esti [ˈeʰtːɪ]
معاونت:با ابجدیہ Diacritics
[[|◌̃]] antes, cun [8] nasal vowel[8]

حواشی

ترمیم
  1. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ ث ج The affricates [ɟʝ, dʒ, tʃ, ɖʐ, ʈʂ, ts]) are correctly written with ligature ties: [ɟ͡ʝ, d͡ʒ, t͡ʃ, ɖ͡ʐ, ʈ͡ʂ, t͡s]. The ties are omitted in transcriptions on Wikipedia (except in phonology articles), as they do not display correctly in all browsers.
  2. In Mirandese, the article l (the) is pronounced [l̩] (phonemically /ɨl/).
  3. Found in some southern areas in which Extremaduran is spoken.[1]
  4. In Extremaduran, /n/ is the only final consonant that is always pronounced.
  5. Varies from a voiced retroflex affricate to a voiceless retroflex affricate and, in southwestern Asturian dialects, a بآواز ہم مخرجی اختتام.
  6. Many dialects allow only /a/, /i/ and /u/ in final unstressed syllables.
  7. The semivowels [j] and [w] can be combined with most vowels to form diphthongs and triphthongs.
  8. ^ ا ب Mirandese has the following nasal vowels: /ɐ̃/, /ɛ̃/, /ĩ/, /ɨ̃/, /õ/ and /ũ/.

حوالہ جات

ترمیم

Leonese

  • Asociación Cultural Faceira (2012)۔ Xurdir. Guía gramatical de leonés (بزبان الإسبانية)۔ Asociación Cultural Faceira 
  • "Curso basico de Llionés" (بزبان الإسبانية) 

Asturian

  • Xosé Lluis García Arias (2003)۔ Gramática histórica de la lengua asturiana (بزبان الإسبانية)۔ Academia de la Llingua Asturiana 
  • "Gramática de la Llingua Asturiana" (PDF) (بزبان Asturian) 

Extremaduran

Mirandese