سانچہ:IPA key

Charts below show the way in which the بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد represents نیپالی زبان pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-ne}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

See Nepali phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of Nepali.

حرف صحیحs
IPA Nepali Approximate English equivalent
[[|b]] back
abhor
[[|d]] the
without
[[|ɖ]][1] guard
ɖʱ adhere
[[|dz]] adds
dzʱ Similar to hedgehog
[[|ɡ]] grass
ɡʱ pigheaded
[[|ɦ]][1] head
[[|k]] scan
can
[[|l]] leaf
[[|m]] much
[[|n]] not
[[|ŋ]] sing
[[|ɲ]] champagne
[[|ɳ]] No English equivalent, similar to burn
[[|p]] span
naphtha
[[|r]][2] ring
[[|s]][3] sue
[[|ʂ]] ship
[[|ɕ]] Similar to ship
[[|ts]] cats
tsʰ Similar to beachhead
[[|t]] third
birth
[[|ʈ]] party
ʈʰ town
[[|w]] want
[[|j]] yes
مصوتs
IPA Nepali Approximate English equivalent
[[|a]] father
[[|ʌ]] अ, अः cut
[[|e]] may
[[|i]] इ, ई happy
[[|o]] sole
[[|u]] boot
[[|◌̃]] nasal vowel faun
([ãː, õː], etc.)
Suprasegmentals
IPA
[[|ˈ]] stress
(placed before stressed syllable)
[[|◌ː]] doubled vowel/consonant
(placed after vowel/consonant)
  1. ^ ا ب Due to a process of h-deletion in some words, ɦ may be replaced by a retroflex flap [[[|ɽ]]] if words are pronounced with long vowels e.g. [paaɽ] analyzed phonemically as [pʌɦaɖ]. Additionally, [ɽ] can occur if ɖ or ɖʱ are flapped in postvocalic position.
  2. /r/ is usually trilled [r] but may be tapped [[[:سانچہ:IPAplink]]] when in intervocalic position.
  3. /s/ phonetically may be either [s] or [[[:سانچہ:IPAplink]]].

Bibliography ترمیم

  • Colin Masica (1991)، The Indo-Aryan Languages، Cambridge: Cambridge University Press، ISBN 978-0-521-29944-2 .
  • Michael Hutt، Abhi Subedi (1999)، Teach Yourself Nepali (2003 ایڈیشن)، McGraw-Hill، ISBN 978-0-07-142468-4 .
  • Jayaraj Acharya (1991)، A Descriptive Grammar of Nepali and an Analyzed Corpus، Georgetown University Press، ISBN 0878400737