معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے عبرانی

حرف صحیحs
IPA Letter(s) Romanization English approximation
b בּ (Bet) b bet
d ד (Dalet) d dark
[1] ג׳ (Gimel with geresh) ǧ or j joy
f פ ף (Fei) f or fool
ɡ ג (Gimel) g go
h ה (Hei) h hen
ħ[2] ח (Chet) or ch no English equivalent; like hen but with the tongue against the pharynx
j י (Yud) y yes
k כּ (Kaph)
ק (Qoph)
k skin
l ל (Lamed) l left
m מ ם (Mem) m man
n נ ן (Nun) n no
p פּ (Pei) p spin
q[2] ק (Qoph) q or k no English equivalent; like cup but with the tongue further back
r[3] ר (Resh) r Somewhat like run
ʁ[3] French rouge
s ס (Samech)
שׂ (Sin)
s see
ʃ שׁ (Shin) š or sh she
t ט (Tet)
ת (Tav)
t sting
ts[1] צ ץ (Tsadi) ts (or tz) cats
[1] צ׳ ץ׳ (Tsadi with geresh) č or ch chair
v ב (Vet)
ו (Vav)
וו (double Vav)
v or /w voice
w[4] וו (double Vav)
ו (Vav)
w we
χ ח (Chet)[2]
כ ך (Chaph)
/ or ch/kh Similar to Scottish loch
z ז (Zayin) z zoo
ʒ ז׳ (Zayin with geresh) ž beige
ʔ א (آلف)
ע (Ayin)[2]
ʾ or ' uh-(ʔ)oh
ʕ[2] ע (Ayin) ʿ or ' no English equivalent


Marginal sounds
IPA Letter(s) Romanization English approximation
ð ד׳ (Dalet with geresh) th this
ŋ נג (Nun-Gimel) ng ring
θ ת׳ (Tav with geresh) th thing
Vowels
IPA Letter(s) Romanization English approximation
a ָ (Kamatz),  (Patach) a father
e (Zeire),  (Segol),  (Shva) e bed
i י(Hiriq-Yud), (Hiriq) i see
o ֹ  (Holam alone), וֹ (with any mater lectionis), ָ  (Kamatz katan) o story
u וּ (Vav with shuruk), (Kubutz) u boot


Diphthongs
IPA Letter(s) Romanization English approximation
ei י (Segol-Yud), (Zeire) ei day
ai י (Patach-Yud), ָי (Kamatz-Yud) ai why
oi וֹי (Vav with holam male-Yud) oi boy
ui וּי (Vav with shuruq-Yud) ui we
ao (rare) או (Alef-Vav) ao cow
ju (rare) יוּ (Yud-Vav with shuruk) yu cute
ij (rare) יְ(Hiriq-Yud with Shva Nach)
i.e. "נִיְלֵן" [nijˈlen]
iy like see


Other symbols
IPA Explanation
ˈ Primary stress (placed before the stressed syllable), e.g. אֹכֶל ('food') /ˈʔoχel/, אוֹכֵל‏ ('eating' [participle]) /ʔoˈχel/
ˌ Secondary stress, e.g. הֲאֻמְנָם? ('oh, really?') /ˌhaʔumˈnam/
ː Long vowels (in طبری تلفظ صوتی) can be transcribed using the IPA gemination sign ː, e.g. the word for "hand" would be יָד /jaːd/ in absolute state and יַד־ /jad/ in construct state.[5] Indicating normative consonant gemination is done with a double consonant, e.g. גַּנָּב ('a thief') /ɡanˈnav/ not /ɡaˈnːav/

نوٹس

ترمیم
  1. ^ ا ب پ /dʒ, ts, tʃ/ are officially written with a tie-bar in the IPA /d͡ʒ, t͡s, t͡ʃ/, respectively. The tie-bar is omitted for simplification.
  2. ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ In Modern Israeli Hebrew, /ħ, ʕ, q/ have merged with /χ, ʔ, k/, respectively, while /ħ, ʕ/ are still distinguished by Oriental Hebrew speakers.
  3. ^ ا ب /ʁ/ is uvular for most speakers, though some speakers, mostly Orientals, retain an alveolar pronunciation: [r]~[ɾ].
  4. In Modern Israeli Hebrew, /w/ appears in a few words, mostly loanwords. Example: וואו (wow) /waw/. Sometimes, in words which originally have /w/, it is approximated to [v].
  5. Vowel length and quality in Tiberian Hebrew is a matter of debate; this is just one possible example