معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے برمی
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یہ صفحہ برمی متن پر مشتمل ہے۔ موزوں معاونت کے بغیر آپ کو برمی متن کی بجائے سوالیہ نشان، خانے یا دیگر نشانات نظر آسکتے ہیں۔ |
The charts below show the way in which the بین الاقوامی صوتیاتی ابجد (IPA) represents برمی زبان pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See Burmese phonology for a more thorough discussion of the sounds of Burmese.
| حرف صحیحs | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Burmese example | English approximation |
| [[|b]] | ဘဲ [bɛ́] | bat |
| [[|d]] | ဓာတ် [daʔ] | dye |
| [[|dʑ]] | ဂျင် [dʑɪ̀ɴ] | Jew |
| [[|ð]] | အညာသား [ʔəɲàðá] | this |
| [[|ɡ]] | ဂုဏ် [ɡòʊ̯ɴ] | gate |
| [[|h]] | ဟုတ် [hoʊ̯ʔ] | hone |
| [[|j]] | ယား [já] | yield |
| [[|k]] | ကုန် [kòʊ̯ɴ] | skate[1] |
| kʰ | ခုန် [kʰòʊ̯ɴ] | Kate[2] |
| [[|l]] | လုပ် [loʊ̯ʔ] | lay |
| l̥ | လှုပ် [l̥oʊ̯ʔ] | play; like /l/ but voiceless |
| [[|m]] | မတ် [maʔ] | much |
| m̥ | မှတ် [m̥aʔ] | None; like /m/ but voiceless |
| [[|n]] | နမ်း [náɴ] | not |
| n̥ | နှမ်း [n̥áɴ] | None; like /n/ but voiceless |
| [[|ɴ]] | ခံ [kʰàɴ] | somewhat like long[3] |
| [[|ɲ]] | ညစ် [ɲɪʔ] | canyon |
| ɲ̥ | ညှစ် [ɲ̥ɪʔ] | None; like /ɲ/, but voiceless |
| [[|ŋ]] | ငါး [ŋá] | sing |
| ŋ̊ | ငှါး [ŋ̊á] | None; like /ŋ/, but voiceless |
| [[|p]] | ပဲ [pɛ́] | spat[1] |
| pʰ | ဖဲ [pʰɛ́] | pat[2] |
| [[|ɹ]] | တိရစ္ဆာန် [təɹeɪ̯ʔsʰàɴ][4] | rock |
| [[|s]] | စာ [sà] | gas |
| sʰ | ဆာ [sʰà] | grass hut[2] |
| [[|ʃ]] | ရှာ [ʃà] | shoe |
| [[|t]] | တတ် [taʔ] | sty[1] |
| tʰ | ထပ် [tʰaʔ] | tie[2] |
| [[|tɕ]] | ကြဉ် [tɕɪ̀ɴ] | itch[1] |
| tɕʰ | ချင် [tɕʰɪ̀ɴ] | chew[2] |
| [[|θ]] | သတ် [θaʔ] | thin |
| [[|w]] | ဝါး [wá] | wield |
| [[|z]] | ဇာ [zà] | zoo |
| [[|ʔ]] | အုတ် [ʔoʊ̯ʔ] | uh-oh, Cockney bottle |
| مصوتs | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Burmese example | English approximation |
| [[|a]] | နား [ná] | father |
| aɪ̯ | နိုင် [nàɪ̯ɴ] | might |
| aʊ̯ | နောက် [naʊ̯ʔ] | mouth[5] |
| [[|e]] | နေ [nè] | Scottish English mate |
| eɪ | နိပ် [neɪʔ] | may[5] |
| [[|ɛ]] | နယ် [nɛ̀] | met |
| [[|ə]] | ခလုတ် [kʰəloʊ̯ʔ] | comma |
| [[|i]] | နီး [ní] | meet |
| [[|ɪ]] | နင်း [nɪ́ɴ] | mit[5] |
| [[|o]] | နို့ [no̰] | Scottish English note |
| oʊ̯ | နုန်း [nóʊ̯ɴ] | mow[5] |
| [[|ɔ]] | နော် [nɔ̀] | bought |
| [[|u]] | နှူး [n̥ú] | moot |
| [[|ʊ]] | နွမ်း [nʊ́ɴ] | foot[5] |
| لہجے والی زبان | ||
|---|---|---|
| IPA | Burmese examples | Explanation |
| ` | ငါ [ŋà] | Normal phonation, medium duration, low intensity, low (often slightly rising) pitch |
| ´ | ငါး [ŋá] | Sometimes slightly breathy, relatively long, high intensity, high pitch; often with a fall before a pause |
| ˷ | ငါ့ [ŋa̰] | Tense or creaky phonation (sometimes with lax وقف مزمار), medium duration, high intensity, high (often slightly falling) pitch |
حواشیترميم
- ^ ا ب پ ت Unaspirated, like /p t k/ etc. in Romance or Slavic languages.
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ Heavily aspirated.
- ↑ The vowel before the /ɴ/ is always nasalized, and if a consonant follows /ɴ/, then the /ɴ/ becomes homorganic with the following consonant. It is never uvular, more functioning as a nasal approximant, either alveolar or velar. See here for more details.
- ↑ A marginal consonant in Burmese, /ɹ/ occurs only in foreign words, and even there is often replaced by /j/ or /l/.
- ^ ا ب پ ت ٹ The sounds [aʊ̯], [eɪ̯], [ɪ], [oʊ̯], and [ʊ] are allophones of /ɔ/, /e/, /i/, /o/, and /u/ respectively, occurring in ہجاs, i.e. before /ɴ/ and /ʔ/.